name

İngilizce - Türkçe

name teriminin İngilizce Türkçe sözlükte anlamı

namespan>

isim

Ben isimlerde gerçekten kötüyüm, ama bir yüzü asla unutmam. - I'm really bad with names, but I never forget a face.

Onların isimlerini hatırlayamadım. - I couldn't remember their names.

nameless

isimsiz

Bu şiir isimsiz bir şair tarafından yazıldı. - This poem was written by a nameless poet.

(Bilgisayar) adı

Onun adı Tomoyuki Ogura. - His name is Tomoyuki Ogura.

Benim adım Edgar Degas. - My name is Edgar Degas.

namespan>

(Bilgisayar) ad ısım

Sami oğlunu kendine göre adlandırmak istedi: Sami Bekir II. - Sami wanted to name his son after him: Sami Bakir II.

namespan>

demek

Bella adını seviyorum, güzel demek, değil mi? - I love the name Bella, it means pretty, right?

Bella ismini seviyorum, güzel demek, değil mi? - I love the name Bella, it means pretty, right?

namespan>

(Bilgisayar) girdi adları

namespan>

(Bilgisayar) ada göre

Bu bölgedeki tüm sokaklar ünlü kişilerin adını taşır. - All the streets in this area are named after famous people.

İsimleri rastgele seçmekten başka seçeneği yoktu. - He had no other choice but to choose the names randomly.

Bana onun adını söylemek zorunda değilsin. - You don't have to tell me her name.

Bana onun adını söylemek zorunda değilsin. - You don't have to tell me his name.

namespan>

ismini koymak

namespan>

(Bilgisayar) dosya adı

namespan>

olarak seçmek

named

(Bilgisayar) dosya adı

named

diye

Tom diye biriyle karşılaştık. - We met a man named Tom.

Bir zamanlar Tom diye birini tanırdım; ama bu çok uzun zaman önceydi. - I once knew somebody named Tom, but that was a long time ago.

Şöhret bir isim etrafında toplanan tüm yanlış anlamaların toplamıdır. - Fame is the sum of all misunderstandings that gather around a name.

Tom, Mary'yi düşünebildiği her kötü şöhretle seslendi. - Tom called Mary every bad name he could think of.

Eğer o bir erkekse ona Tom adını vermek istiyorum. - If it's a boy, I want to name the baby Tom.

Tom köpek yavrusuna Cookie adını vermek istedi. - Tom wanted to name his puppy Cookie.

namespan>

ün

Gardrobumun dört kapısı ve iki aynası var. Adı, üç sesli harf ve bir ünsüz içeren bir İsveç şirketi tarafından üretildi. - My wardrobe has four doors and two mirrors. It was manufactured by a Swedish company, whose name contains three vowels and a consonant.

Bu kafatası ve çizgileri, 17. yüzyılın sonlarında İngiltere'de faaliyet gösteren dünyaca ünlü Kaptan Kidd'e dayanılarak adlandırılmıştır. - This skull and crossbones was named based on the world-famous Captain Kidd who was active in late 17th century Britain.

named

{f} adlandır

Fransa'nın Antoine Griezmann'ı turnuvanın oyuncusu olarak adlandırıldı. - France's Antoine Griezmann was named as the player of the tournament.

Sokak, Başkan Madison olarak adlandırılır. - The street is named for President Madison.

named

adında

Tom'un Mary adında bir kız kardeşi var. - Tom also has a sister named Mary.

George adında bir adam bir otelde kalıyordu. - A man named George was staying at a hotel.

nameless

adsız

Bu şiir adsız bir şair tarafından yazıldı. - This poem was written by a nameless poet.

{f} isimlendir

Astronomlar gök cisimlerini adlandırmada Latince kullanır. - Astronomers use Latin for naming celestial objects.

naming

(Telekom) isimlendirme

İsim vermek gerekirse

names

isimler

Ben isimlerde gerçekten kötüyüm, ama bir yüzü asla unutmam. - I'm really bad with names, but I never forget a face.

Onların isimleri Tom ve Ken'dir. - Their names are Tom and Ken.

{i} ünlü kimse

{i} nam

Pasaportta ismi olan kişi kelimelerle tanımlanıldı. - The person whose name was on the passport was described with words.

namespan>

ismini vermek

namespan>

{f} isim vermek

Astronomlar gök nesnelere isim vermek için Latince kullanır. - To give names to celestial objects, astronomers use Latin.

Tom isim vermek istemedi. - Tom didn't want to name names.

namespan>

{f} ismiyle çağırmak

namespan>

{f} tayin etmek

namespan>

{f} adını koymak

namespan>

{f} -in adını/ismini

namespan>

{f} -e ... adını/ismini koymak: They named her Rüya. Ona Rüya ismini koydular

kızgınlık belirten hitap şekli

{f} isim koymak

{f} söylemek

Tom, sana bir şey söylemek zorundayım. Ben birini seviyorum. Onun adı TO ile başlıyor ve M ile sona eriyor. Kim olabilir ki bu? Tanıdığım biri mi? - Tom, I have to tell you something. I love someone. His name starts with TO and ends with M. Er, who would that be? Is it someone I know?

Bana adınızı söylemek zorunda değilsiniz. - You don't have to tell me your name.

{s} adlı

Açılış töreninde Rusya'nın tarihi Lubov adlı genç bir kızın rüyaları vasıtasıyla anlatıldı, bu, aşk anlamına geliyor. - During the opening ceremony, the history of Russia was told through the dreams of a young girl named Lubov, which means love.

Tom görünüşte Mary adlı bir kızla çıkıyor. - Tom is apparently dating a girl named Mary.

named

{s} denilen

Tom denilen birini hatırlamıyorum. - I don't remember anyone named Tom.

Ölüm koğuşunda Tom Jackson denilen bir adam var. - There's a guy named Tom Jackson on death row.

bahsedilmeye layık olmayan

Sami oğlunu kendine göre adlandırmak istedi: Sami Bekir II. - Sami wanted to name his son after him: Sami Bakir II.

Türkçe - Türkçe

name teriminin Türkçe Türkçe sözlükte anlamı
NAMEspan>: (Osmanlı Dönemi) f. Mektub. Risale. Kitap
namespan>: Mektup

İngilizce - İngilizce

name teriminin İngilizce İngilizce sözlükte anlamı
NAmEspan>: Abbreviation of North American English
namespan>: An investor in Lloyds of London bearing unlimited liability
namespan>: To give a name to
namespan>: : A unique identifier, generally a string of characters
nameless: not having a name; unnamed
namelessly: Without using, or revealing a name; anonymously
namely: Especially, above all
Thus was Sir Tramtryste longe there well cherysshed with the kynge and wyth the quene – and namely with La Beale Isode.
namely: Specifically; that is to say
There are three ways to do it, namely, the right way, the wrong way and the Army way.
naming: A ritual or ceremony in which a name is given to a person
naming: Associated with the process of giving a name to a person or thing
naming: Present participle of name
nameless: having no fame or reputation
namely: that is to say, meaning, to wit, particularly, by way of explanation
namespan>: {i} Xavier
namespan>: {n} an appellation, title, reputation, renown
namespan>: {v} to mention by name, call, utter, tell
nameless: {a} having no name, unnamed
namely: {a} particularly, to wit, that is to say
namer: {n} one who names, one who appoints
Namely: this is to say
A namespan>: nomenclature
Namespan>: nom
Names: (Reklam) There are three basic categories of brand (or corporate) name: Descriptive name A name which describes the product or service for which it is intended, e.g., TALKING PAGES. Associative name A name which alludes to an aspect or benefit of the product or service, often by means of an original or striking image or idea, e.g., VISA. Freestanding name A name which has no link to the product or service but which might have meaning of its own, e.g., PENGUIN. Abstract name A name which is entirely invented and has no meaning of its own, e.g., ZENECA. Abstract names are a sub-set of freestanding names because they also have no link to the product of service. Coined name Any name which is in some way invented. Coined names can be descriptive (CO-CREATE), associative (IMATION) and freestanding/abstract (ZENECA)
To namespan>: agnominate
To namespan>: annominate
To namespan>: christen
namespan>: To designate for a role
namespan>: To mention, specify
namespan>: What a coaster is called, in order to distinquish it from others While some parks are very creative with this, others tennd to use the same name over, or even worse just use the name 'coaster' or 'roller coaster'
namespan>: A descriptive or qualifying appellation given to a person or thing, on account of a character or acts
namespan>: The name of the function
namespan>: charge with a function; charge to be; "She was named Head of the Committee"; "She was made president of the club"
namespan>: The fund's official name, or an abbreviation thereof, as stated in the fund's prospectus Morningstar attempts to limit the extent to which we abbreviate fund names by keeping the family name or first word intact whenever possible As a general rule, the words Fund, Shares, Series, Trust, and articles at the beginning of a fund's name are omitted They appear, however, in cases where their omission could confuse two funds or groups
namespan>: To identify as relevant or important
namespan>: The logical class name as given in the NOAO Image Data Structure Definitions
namespan>: To publicly implicate
namespan>: A word consisting solely of letters, numbers, and underscores, and beginning with a letter or underscore Names are used as shell variable and function names Also referred to as an identifier
namespan>: Reputation
namespan>: by the sanction or authority of; "halt in the name of the law"
namespan>: create and charge with a task or function; "nominate a committee"
namespan>: an owner name, i e , the name of the node to which this resource record pertains
namespan>: If you make a name for yourself or make your name as something, you become well-known for that thing. She was beginning to make a name for herself as a portrait photographer He made his name with several collections of short stories
namespan>: The self articulation of reality entering the world of human consciousness, as Namu- amida-butsu Also referred to as the Name in six letters or six syllables
namespan>: Type of English Query minor entity that indicates how its associated major entity is identified in questions and statements, for example, "book" refers to the major entity Books table
namespan>: identify as in botany or biology, for example
namespan>: If you do something in the name of an ideal or an abstract thing, you do it in order to preserve or promote that thing. one of those rare occasions in history when a political leader risked his own power in the name of the greater public good
namespan>: {f} give a name; call by a name; appoint; specify; identify; designate
namespan>: The name of the stock or fund
namespan>: A unique identifier, generally a string of characters
namespan>: You say you name it, usually after or before a list, to indicate that you are talking about a very wide range of things. I also enjoy windsurfing, tennis, racquetball, swimming, you name it. a member of Lloyd's, the international group of insurance underwriters based in London. The Names are wealthy people who accept a financial risk in an insurance contract, and in return for this they usually make large profits. Sometimes, however, they lose a lot of money when events happen which affect insurance companies, such as serious accidents involving ships or planes, or severe weather conditions that cause a lot of damage. One or more words designating an individual entity. The names of certain specific people, places, and things, called proper nouns, are capitalized. Types of names include personal names (Sheila, Raul), place-names (London, Nairobi), titles of works of art (Mona Lisa, Paradise Lost), brand names (Sanka, Vaseline), names of historical events or eras (War of the Roses, Renaissance), and political, artistic, or philosophical movements (Progressivism, Cubism). Personal names may pass from one culture to another, often changing form Jochanan (Hebrew), Johann (German), John (English), Ian (Scottish), etc. Family names (surnames) are of more recent origin; the conventions that govern them have existed only since the 11th century. Many hereditary family names came from given names for example, Alfred, the son of John, might be called Alfred Johnson. Others came from place-names or occupations Henri from the town of Avignon might become Henri d'Avignon, and Robert, a blacksmith, might become Robert Smith
namespan>: a language unit by which a person or thing is known; "his name really is George Washington"; "those are two names for the same thing"
namespan>: To designate (a member) by name, as the Speaker does by way of reprimand
namespan>: {i} word or phrase by which someone or something is called or identified, moniker; derogatory label, nickname; public impression (of a person, establishment, etc.); renowned person; authority; title, appellation
namespan>: To designate by name or specifically for any purpose; to nominate; to specify; to appoint; as, to name a day for the wedding
namespan>: You can use by name or by the name of when you are saying what someone is called. a young Australian, Harry Busteed by name This guy, Jack Smith, does he go by the name of Jackal?
namespan>: by the sanction or authority of; "halt in the name of the law" a language unit by which a person or thing is known; "his name really is George Washington"; "those are two names for the same thing" a defamatory or abusive word or phrase; "sticks and stones may break my bones but names can never hurt me" family based on male descent; "he had no sons and there was no one to carry on his name" a well-known or notable person; "they studied all the great names in the history of France"; "she is an important figure in modern music" a person's reputation; "he wanted to protect his good name" mention and identify by name; "name your accomplices!" give the name or identifying characteristics of; refer to by name or some other identifying characteristic property; "Many senators were named in connection with the scandal"; "The almanac identifies the auspicious months" assign a specified, proper name to; "They named their son David"; "The new school was named after the famous Civil Rights leader" charge with a function; charge to be; "She was named Head of the Committee"; "She was made president of the club
namespan>: You can refer to someone as, for example, a famous name or a great name when they are well-known. some of the most famous names in modelling and show business. = star see also assumed name, big name, brand name, Christian name, code name, first name, given name, maiden name, middle name, pet name
namespan>: charge with a function; charge to be; "She was named Head of the Committee"; "She was made president of the club
namespan>: If you name someone, you identify them by stating their name. It's nearly thirty years since a journalist was jailed for refusing to name a source One of the victims of the weekend's snowstorm has been named as twenty-year-old John Barr
namespan>: Name is an attribute in an HTML element (such as the META element or a FORM element) that provides a unique identifier for the element However, in recent versions of HTML, the name attribute has been deprecated in favor of the 'id' attribute in most cases
namespan>: Any word or phrase which indicates a particular person, place, class, or thing
namespan>: Reputed character; reputation, good or bad; estimation; fame; especially, illustrious character or fame; honorable estimation; distinction
namespan>: A given page presents a subject named with a single word or short phrase, such as "Frog," "Lichen," "Pools and Riffles," or "The Water Cycle " Page naming must be simple for two reasons: to be useful for basic vocabulary building exercises, and to allow straightforward indexing and alphabetization of the Dictionary
namespan>: This is the real name of the member This is viewed from the member profile
namespan>: 1 As used in ZFIN, a gene "name" is a word or phrase that uniquely identifies a gene The gene name has an abbreviation that is the gene symbol 2 As used in ZFIN, an allele "name" is a set of letters and numbers that uniquely identifies a particular allele of a gene The allele name is the allele designation
namespan>: In the C++ language, commonly referred to as an identifier However, syntactically, a name can be an identifier, an operator function name, a conversion function name, a destructor name, or a qualified name
namespan>: mention and identify by name; "name your accomplices!"
namespan>: a well-known or notable person; "they studied all the great names in the history of France"; "she is an important figure in modern music"
namespan>: make reference to; "His name was mentioned in connection with the invention"
namespan>: If you name something such as a price, time, or place, you say what you want it to be. Call Marty, tell him to name his price. = state
namespan>: To give a distinctive name or appellation to; to entitle; to denominate; to style; to call
namespan>: assign a specified, proper name to; "They named their son David"; "The new school was named after the famous Civil Rights leader"
namespan>: To mention by name; to utter or publish the name of; to refer to by distinctive title; to mention
namespan>: The name of the request as specified by the user, using the qsub -r option (or the request file name if -r was not used)
namespan>: A set of identifying attributes purported to describe an entity of a certain type
namespan>: The name of a person, place, or thing is the word or group of words that is used to identify them. `What's his name?' --- `Peter.' I don't even know if Sullivan's his real name They changed the name of the street
namespan>: The title by which any person or thing is known or designated; a distinctive specific appellation, whether of an individual or a class
namespan>: PCDATA providing the name of the MathML element
namespan>: A person, an individual
namespan>: determine or distinguish the nature of a problem or an illness through a diagnostic analysis
namespan>: If something such as a newspaper or an official body names and shames people who have performed badly or who have done something wrong, it identifies those people by name. The government will also name and shame the worst performing airlines
namespan>: If you name someone or something after another person or thing, you give them the same name as that person or thing. Why have you not named any of your sons after yourself?
namespan>: {s} reputed, famous; made for or displaying a name
namespan>: a defamatory or abusive word or phrase; "sticks and stones may break my bones but names can never hurt me"
namespan>: If you name names, you identify the people who have done something, often something wrong. Nobody was prepared to risk prosecution by actually naming names
namespan>: The name that is the standardized name, appellation, or other identifying phrase by which an artist (person or group) is identified in the Bainbridge Bunting Slide Library collections e g Abeyta, Narciso or Howling Wolf or AmerINDIAN Architecture
namespan>: If someone calls you names, they insult you by saying unpleasant things to you or about you. At my last school they called me names because I was so slow They had called her rude names
namespan>: emphasis People sometimes use expressions such as `in the name of heaven' or `in the name of humanity' to add emphasis to a question or request. What in the name of heaven's going on? In the name of humanity I ask the government to reappraise this important issue
namespan>: (n ) a lexical token consisting of up to 30 alphanumeric characters (letters, digits and underscores) In Fortran 77, this was called a symbolic name, and was restricted to 6 characters
namespan>: When you mention someone or something by name, or address someone by name, you use their name. He greets customers by name and enquires about their health
namespan>: If someone does something in the name of a group of people, they do it as the representative of that group. In the United States the majority governs in the name of the people
namespan>: hostname - This is a required parameter used in PPP authentication It is the name of the remote site for which the dialer map is created The name is case sensitive and must match the hostname of the remote router
namespan>: When you name someone or something, you give them a name, usually at the beginning of their life. My mother insisted on naming me Horace. a man named John T. Benson
namespan>: A name is a construct that stands for an entity: it is said that the name denotes the entity, and that the entity is the meaning of the name See also declaration, prefix
namespan>: If something is in someone's name, it officially belongs to them or is reserved for them. The house is in my husband's name A double room had been reserved for him in the name of Muller
namespan>: give the name or identifying characteristics of; refer to by name or some other identifying characteristic property; "Many senators were named in connection with the scandal"; "The almanac identifies the auspicious months"
namespan>: family based on male descent; "he had no sons and there was no one to carry on his name"
namespan>: If you say that something is the name of the game, you mean that it is the most important aspect of a situation. The name of the game is survival
namespan>: a person's reputation; "he wanted to protect his good name"
namespan>: You can refer to the reputation of a person or thing as their name. He had a name for good judgement She's never had any drug problems or done anything to give jazz a bad name. = reputation
namespan>: First part of an attribute All attributes take the form of a name and value pair, and are written name="value"
namespan>: If you name the person for a particular job, you say who you want to have the job. The England manager will be naming a new captain, to replace the injured David Beckham When the chairman of Campbell's retired, McGovern was named as his successor Early in 1941 he was named commander of the Afrika Korps
namespan>: Those of a certain name; a race; a family
namespan>: The driver's full name in the format of last name, first name, initial
namespan>: A slash-separated list of components that uniquely identifies an element of an HDF5 file A name begins that begins with a slash is an absolute name which is accessed beginning with the root group of the file; all other names are relative names and the associated objects are accessed beginning with the current or specified group
namespan>: A Java expression that refers to a particular object or value Examples include variables, parameters, fields, class names, and interface names Every name has an associated type (fixed when the name is declared) Within its scope, the name is generally bound to a value (of the appropriate type) See the chapter on Things, Types, and Names
namespan>: give or make a list of; name individually; give the names of; "List the states west of the Mississippi"
namespan>: {i} Myung
namespan>: nyem
namespan>: create
namespan>: {i} Bram
namespan>: {i} Tuval
namespan>: {i} Sefi
named: {s} called; having the name, identified as; mentioned; having a name
named: Internet domain name server
named: past of name
named: bearing the author's name; "a named source
named: (adj ) having a name
named: given or having a specified name; "they called his name Jesus"; "forces which Empedocles called `love' and `hate'"; "an actor named Harold Lloyd"; "a building in Cardiff named the Temple of Peace"
named: The name server daemon This is the daemon which answers DNS queries, and is distributed as part of the BIND package
named: Having a name
named: bearing the author's name; "a named source"
named: NOMIS
nameless: being or having an unknown or unnamed source; "a poem by an unknown author"; "corporations responsible to nameless owners"; "an unnamed donor
nameless: Undistinguished; not noted or famous
nameless: If you say that someone or something will remain nameless, you mean that you will not mention their name, often because you do not want to embarrass them. A local friend who shall be nameless warned me that I was in for trouble soon. = anonymous
nameless: unable to be described or expressed
nameless: Without a name; not having been given a name; as, a nameless star
nameless: Not known or mentioned by name; anonymous; as, a nameless writer
nameless: You describe people or things as nameless when you do not know their name or when they do not have a name. They can have their cases rejected, without reasons being given, by nameless officials
nameless: anonymous
nameless: Unnamable; indescribable; inexpressible
nameless: whose name is unknown; unidentified or obscure
nameless: being or having an unknown or unnamed source; "a poem by an unknown author"; "corporations responsible to nameless owners"; "an unnamed donor"
nameless: {s} anonymous, unidentified; having no name; having no legal name; indescribable
namelessly: {s} in an anonymous manner, anonymously; without identification; without fame
namelessly: In a nameless manner
namely: In an identifying manner
namely: You use namely to introduce detailed information about the subject you are discussing, or a particular aspect of it. One group of people seems to be forgotten, namely pensioners They were hardly aware of the challenge facing them, namely, to re-establish prosperity. used when saying the names of the people or things you are referring to
namely: as follows
namely: Specifically; by name
namely: By name; by particular mention; specifically; especially; expressly
namely: That is to say; to wit; videlicet; introducing a particular or specific designation
namer: Someone who belongs to a faction in name only, paying lip service to its philosophy but not dedicated to its principles
namer: a person who gives a name or names; "the owner is usually the namer of a boat
namer: {i} one who gives a name, one who labels
namer: a person who gives a name or names; "the owner is usually the namer of a boat"
namer: One who names, or calls by name
names: A name may be up to 20 characters long and may include the characters A to Z, a to z, 0 to 9 and the underscore (_) The underscore is always displayed as a space As CL4 databases, men files, ent files and enc files are UNIX files, they follow the UNIX file naming conventions Database names are limited to 11 characters
names: Yams
names: used to refer to values Association between name and value created in two ways: (define x 1) (permanent) or (define (absolute-value x) ), where x is temporarily associated with some value for the duration of the activation of the procedure
names: or what the person is called by other people
names: verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument
names: (SNMP Support Reference Guide; search in this book)
names: Must be included for any Jewish victims, always avoid names for Muslim or Christian victims but use numbers in stead (remember in the passive voice, e g 2 Palestinians died in clashes)
names: are the identifiers of data records Because GEMIS 4 0 is multilingual, names are always entered in a country language (e g German) and the fixed system language (English)
names: The built-in application for storing names, addresses, phone numbers, and other information about people Source: NUIG
names: Functions for finding out about available/valid names/classes/etc PRINTS ALL CURRENTLY AVAILABLE VARIABLES/FUNCTIONS/OBJECTS: PrintGlobalNames() PRINTS ALL CURRENTLY AVAILABLE CLASSES/TYPES: PrintClassNames() PRINTS ACCESSIBLE MEMBERS OF THE CLASS DEFINED BY classname: PrintClassMembers( string classname )
names: HDF5 object names are a slash-separated list of components A name which begins with a slash is an absolute name which is accessed beginning with the root group of the file while all other relative names are accessed beginning with the specified group
names: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
names: National Association of Medical Equipment Suppliers
names: Twisted's DNS server, found in twisted names
names: third-person singular of name
names: Behind the name Etymology and History of first names Useful for About Me/ Identity activities
names: (SNMP Support Reference Guide)
names: plural of name
naming: the verbal act of naming; "the part he failed was the naming of state capitals"
naming: Naming is the assignment of descriptive identifiers to objects of a particular type by an authority which follows specific issuing procedures and maintains specific records pertinent to an identified registration process (Cf , NAMING AUTHORITY; VERISIGN NAMING AUTHORITY)
naming: inclined to or serving for the giving of names; "the appellative faculty of children"; "the appellative function of some primitive rites"
naming: The assocation of a human readable or logical name with an IOR
naming: The process of assigning a name to an element or group of elements Although closely related, naming is different from abstracting which involves identifying salient features The criteria in choosing a name involve such issues as conciseness, avoiding ambiguities, and familiarity of the term
naming: Identifying characters, objects, places and so forth in the scene
naming: the verbal act of naming; "the part he failed was the naming of state capitals
naming: the act of putting a person into a non-elective position; "the appointment had to be approved by the whole committee"
naming: Indexing using as the pointer set a data type that allows only enumeration and testing for equality
naming: the labeling of people, places, or things to make them appear different, to alter perceptions of reality
naming: The process of giving names to things
naming: a word commonly used in computing for a method to identify objects You will often hear of "naming conventions" for files, functions in a program and so on
naming: {i} act of naming; designation, nomination, appointment
naming: Naming a Value
naming: The act of announcing the name of a person, organization etc