manufacturing

English - Turkish

Definition of manufacturing in English Turkish dictionary

Bu fabrika parçalardan bitmiş ürünlere kadar ölçünlenmiş entegre üretim sistemi kullanmaktadır. - This factory uses an integrated manufacturing system standardized from parts on through to finished products.

Biz üretim sürecinde değişiklikler planlıyoruz. - We are planning changes to the manufacturing process.

yapım

{f} üret

Biz üretim sürecinde değişiklikler planlıyoruz. - We are planning changes to the manufacturing process.

{f} imal et

üreterek

{f} üre

Üretim işlerini Amerika'ya geri getirelim. - Let's bring manufacturing jobs back to America.

{f} imal et: prep.imal ederek

(Kanun) imalat sanayi

(Ticaret) imalat yapma

(Ticaret) fabrika üretimi

imalatlar

(Hukuk) işletme sanayi

manufacture

üretim

Üretim tarihi kapağın üzerinde yazıyor. - The date of manufacture is shown on the lid.

O fabrika, bilgisayar üretimi içindir. - That factory is for the manufacture of computers.

manufacture

imâl etmek

Bu fabrika CD çalarlar imal etmektedir. - This factory manufactures CD players.

manufacture

{f} imal etmek

Bu fabrika CD çalarlar imal etmektedir. - This factory manufactures CD players.

manufacturing engineering

üretim mühendisliği

manufacturing fault

fabrikasyon hatası

manufacturing industry

imalat sanayii

manufacturing method

üretim metodu

manufacturing planning and inventory control

üretim planlaması ve stok kontrolü

manufacturing plant

fabrika

manufacturing statement

üretim bilançosu

manufacturing aluminum profiles

alüminyum profil imalatı

manufacturing chief

İmalat şefi

manufacturing company

üretim yapan firma

manufacturing date

üretim tarihi

manufacturing efficiency

üretim etkinliği

manufacturing order

Üretim sipariş

manufacturing overhead

üretim giderleri

manufacturing procedure

üretim prosedürü

manufacturing process

imalat yöntemi

manufacturing process

üretim sürecinin

manufacturing processes

(Mühendislik) imalat yöntemleri

manufacturing resource planning

üretim kaynakları planı

manufacturing system

üretim sistemi

manufacturing cost

(Askeri) İMALAT MALİYETİ

manufacturing expense

(Askeri) İMAL MASRAFI

manufacturing faul

(Tekstil) fabrikasyon hatası

manufacturing industry

(Avrupa Birliği) imalat sanayi

manufacture

{f} üretmek

Şirket, çeşitli kağıt ürünleri üretmektedir. - The company manufactures a variety of paper goods.

Robotlar araba üretmek içindir. - Robots are used to manufacture cars.

manufacture

imal

Bu fabrika CD çalarlar imal etmektedir. - This factory manufactures CD players.

Bu makine Fransa'da imal edilmiştir. - This machine was manufactured in France.

surrogate manufacturing

(Biyoloji) Seri üretime geçmeden önce gerçekleştirilen üretim denemesi, deneme üretimi, numune Üretimi, önseri üretimi

manufacture

{f} (bahane) uydurmak

manufacture

{f} imal et

Bu fabrika CD çalarlar imal etmektedir. - This factory manufactures CD players.

flexible manufacturing systems

esnek imalat sistemleri

lean manufacturing

(Bilgisayar) yapın

(Ticaret) üretim yapmak

manufacture

yapılmış eşya/yiyecek

mould manufacturing

kalıp imalatı

computer aided manufacturing

bilgisayar destekli üretim

computer integrated manufacturing

bilgisayarla tümleşik üretim

manufacture

imâl

İmalatçının açıklamasına göre, her on yılda bir değiştirilmeli. - According to the manufacturer's directions, tires should be changed every 10 years.

Bu fabrika CD çalarlar imal etmektedir. - This factory manufactures CD players.

manufacture

{f} üret

O fabrika oyuncaklar üretir. - That factory manufactures toys.

Şirket, çeşitli kağıt ürünleri üretmektedir. - The company manufactures a variety of paper goods.

manufacture

yapım

compute-integrated manufacturing

bilgisayarın dâhil olduğu üretim

contract manufacturing

fason üretim

lean manufacturing

Yalın ütretim

manufacture

imale

vertical manufacturing

(İmalat) Dikey üretim

world class manufacturing

(Ekonomi) Dünya Klasında Üretim (WCM)

advanced digital manufacturing

ileri sayısal imalat

agile manufacturing

çevik imalat

cam (computer aided manufacturing

) BDÜ (Bilgisayar Destekli Üretim)

chips manufacturing

(Gıda) cips üretimi

computer aided manufacturing

Bilgisayar Destekli Üretim (BDÜ)

computer integrated manufacturing

(CIM) Bilgisayarla Tümleşik Üretim (BTÜ)

computer integrated manufacturing

Bilgisayarla Tümleşik Üretim (BTÜ)

good manufacturing practices

(Avrupa Birliği) (GMP) İyi İmalat Uygulamaları

imperfection in manufacturing

(Ticaret) imalat özrü

imperfection in manufacturing

(Ticaret) yapım özrü

indirect manufacturing costs

(Ticaret) genel imalat maliyetleri

manufacture

{i} imalat

İmalatçının açıklamasına göre, her on yılda bir değiştirilmeli. - According to the manufacturer's directions, tires should be changed every 10 years.

manufacture

manufacturerfabrikatör

{f} uydurmak

(Askeri) İMAL, SINAİ MAMULAT: Makina ile mamul hale getirilmiş eşya

sense of manufacturing

üretim anlayışı

English - English

Definition of manufacturing in English English dictionary: The transformation of raw materials into finished products, usually on a large scale; Present participle of manufacture; The action of the verb to manufacture; {i} production of goods on a large scale; The mechanical or chemical transformation of materials into new products, as well as assembly of manufactured parts if the new product is not a structure (Excludes mining ) Productivity: Value of production per employee Computed as real GSP (see below) divided by employment; the process or business of producing goods in factories. Any industry that makes products from raw materials by the use of manual labour or machines and that is usually carried out systematically with a division of labour. In a more limited sense, manufacturing is the fabrication or assembly of components into finished products on a fairly large scale. Among the most important manufacturing industries are those that produce aircraft, automobiles, chemicals, clothing, computers, consumer electronics, electrical equipment, furniture, heavy machinery, refined petroleum products, ships, steel, and tools. See also factory; mass production; These products vary greatly by industry; from discrete manufacturing operations where a product is a fabricated and assembled from parts and materiel, to process manufacturing of raw material such as chemical, refining, mining, drilling, or transport The functionality and maturity of the products also vary greatly by vendor, and different vendors focus on different 'industry verticals' wherein the vendor feels it has a leadership position These products typically require the greatest degree of customization and integration due to the unique nature of each manufacturing operation; Production of items from raw materials to finished products ready for subsequent distribution to customers Generally confined to discussion of metallic raw materials and discrete products; Making a product from raw materials by hand or with machinery; all operations, including packaging, from the first production stage to the completion of the product; - is the process of transforming raw materials or semi-finished products into new form or finished products whether the work is performed by hand or by power-driven machine; Maximum number of employees may range from 500 to 1500, depending on the type of product manufactured; Making into a product suitable for use; The process of taking raw material and converting them into a finished product, usually by means of a large scale industrial operation; Employed, or chiefly employed, in manufacture; as, a manufacturing community; a manufacturing town; The process of making a raw material into a finished product; especially in large quantities; (1) to make or process a raw material into a finished product, expecially by means of a large- scale industrial operation; (2) to make or process a product, especially with the use if industrial machines; The making of goods and articles by hand or machinery Manufacturing shall include assembling, fabricating, finishing, packaging or processing operations; Includes establishments engaged in the mechanical or chemical transformation of materials or substances into new products and in assembling component parts of manufactured products into new products; The interesting feature is a new approach to manufacturing (Function); -Experience (other than at the engineering level) in the fields of manufacturing, energy production, mining, farming and fishing Experience could be managerial or non-managerial; Pertaining to manufacture; as, manufacturing projects; for CDs, it is the manufacturing of the CD based on the supplied master CD from the client There is no recordable layer in manufactured CDs as in recordable CDs
manufacturing overhead: (Pazarlama) All manufacturing costs other than direct labor and materials
manufacturing calendar: (Ticaret) shop calendar
manufacturing database: (Ticaret) production database
manufacturing environment: (Ticaret) The overall set of factors that influence planning, scheduling and strategic production decisions which include type and timing of demand, product and process complexity, physical product form, logistics and vendor capabilities, and internal functional capabilities. Describing the overall environment often includes the response to demand (to stock or to order), physical facility layout (job shop, production line, cell, batch processing or other) and methods and requirements used in planning and scheduling (discrete, repetitive or process). Many companies have characteristics of more than one environment
manufacturing execution system: (Ticaret) (MES) A production scheduling and tracking system used to analyze and report resource availability and status, schedule and update orders, collect detailed execution data such as material usage, labor usage, process parameters, order and equipment status, and other critical information. It accesses bill of material, routing and other data from the base ERP system and is typically the system used for real-time shop floor reporting and monitoring that feeds activity data back to the base system
manufacturing expenses: costs that a business must pay for manufacturing activities (Accounting)
manufacturing instructions: (Ticaret) The detailed process parameters and operating data required for a specific production operation, which may include both basic production rate data and detailed engineering specifications and notes
manufacturing lead time: (Ticaret) The total length of time used to process raw materials and components through all upper levels in the bill of material into an end item. It specifies the total of all individual elements of lead time such as order preparation, queue, setup, run, inspection, etc. used and indicates a projected availability date for an end item if all lowest level raw material is on-hand
manufacturing order: (Ticaret) production order
manufacturing plant: a plant consisting of buildings with facilities for manufacturing
manufacturing process: process by which goods are produced
manufacturing resource planning: (Ticaret) (MRPII) The extension of closed-loop MRP that includes and integrates financial and simulation systems. It includes all organizational functions related to long-term strategic and business planning, demand planning, materials planning, resource planning, and production and vendor scheduling and execution. It assumes the use of a base, integrated system and the sharing of a common database and operating parameters by all functions and departments
manufacturing system: (Ticaret) In an ERP system, the functions and modules used to identify and plan demand and materials, analyze resource availability and requirements, and schedule, release and report production
manufacture: To make things, usually on a large scale, with tools and either physical labor or machinery
manufacture: In a negative sense, to fabricate; to create false evidence to support a point
manufacture: The action or process of making goods systematically or on a large scale
manufacture: Anything made, formed or produced; product
manufacture: The process of such production; generation, creation
Our lawgivers take special pride in the ever active manufacture of new bills and laws.
manufacture: To create goods from raw material, e.g. in a factory
manufacture: {v} to make or form by art
manufacture: {n} any thing that is made by art
agile manufacturing: 1. (industrial engineering) Operations that can be rapidly reconfigured to satisfy changing market demands. 2. Agile manufacturing is a term applied to an organization that has created the processes, tools, and training to enable it to respond quickly to customer needs and market changes while still controlling costs and quality
holonic manufacturing system: A "holonic manufacturing system" (HMS) is a way of organizing a manufacturing system to meet the above challenges
lean manufacturing: Lean manufacturing is the production of goods using less of everything compared to mass production: less human effort, less manufacturing space, less investment in tools, and less engineering time to develop a new product. Lean manufacturing is a generic process management philosophy derived mostly from the Toyota Production System (TPS) but also from other sources. It is renowned for its focus on reduction of the original Toyota 'seven wastes' in order to improve overall customer value. Lean is often linked with Six Sigma because of that methodology's emphasis on reduction of process variation (or its converse smoothness) and Toyota's combined usage. Toyota's steady growth from a small player to the most valuable and the biggest car company in the world has focused attention upon how it has achieved this, making "Lean" a hot topic in management science in the first decade of the 21st century
lean manufacturing: (Ekonomi) Lean manufacturing is a manufacturing method which aims to reduce wastage, for example by keeping stocks low and by working more flexibly
The main purpose of the lean manufacturing is doing the best with less effort.
High volume manufacturing: {i} H.V.M., mass production, techniques used for making larger numbers of products
Manufacture: manufactory
Tokyo Steel Manufacturing Co. Ltd.: {i} Japanese company that manufactures and sells steel products
batch manufacturing: The production of parts or material in discrete runs, or batches, interspersed with other production operations or runs of other parts or materials
batch manufacturing: Intermittent production in standard batch (lot) sizes, determined by market demand, container size, production efficiencies etc
batch manufacturing: High-volume production of several product lines that differ in some important ways but are nearly identical in others
complex manufacturing: (Ticaret) Manufacturing processes characterized by high mix variation, long design/production cycles, many component items and deep bills of material, and use of multiple production departments or facilities
computer aided design and manufacturing: creating and producing with the help of a computer
computer aided manufacturing: condition in which a manufacturing process is automatically controlled by computers
computer integrated manufacturing: A term used for describing a high level of automation in a manufacturing enterprise
computer integrated manufacturing: A specification that integrates computers into the manufacturing, design, and business functions of an organization Also see MAP
computer integrated manufacturing: The computer integrated enterprise of manufacturing including the management of required resources; people, organization, material, energy, data, computer technology and automation equipment
computer integrated manufacturing: The art and science of total integration for the purpose of reducing waste in the broadest sense
computer-aided manufacturing: The process of using specialized computers to control, monitor, and adjust tools and machinery in manufacturing. CAM
computer-aided manufacturing: (Ticaret) (CAM) The use of computer systems to program, setup, control, monitor and generate reports for manufacturing equipment and processes
computer-integrated manufacturing: The coordination of CAD and CAM automation systems with each other and with information systems that relate to design and manufacturing
computer-integrated manufacturing: (Ticaret) (CIM) The use of computer systems in manufacturing that fulfill specific functional requirements and are integrated with the base ERP and supporting systems. CIM may involve the use of automatic data collection, CAD/CAM, automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS), robotics, machine vision, automated test equipment and many other systems
computer-integrated manufacturing: The use of computers and other advanced manufacturing techniques to monitor and perform manufacturing tasks
computer-integrated manufacturing: a complete system that designs products, manages machines and materials, and controls the operations function
computer-integrated manufacturing: The use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing to sequence and optimize a number of production processes
computer-integrated manufacturing: The use of computer systems in manufacturing that fulfill specific functional requirements and are integrated with the base ERP and supporting systems CIM may involve the use of automatic data collection, CAD/CAM, automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS), robotics, machine vision, automated test equipment and many other systems
computer-integrated manufacturing: Data-driven automation that affects all systems or subsystems within a manufacturing environment: design and development, production (see CAD/CAM), marketing and sales, and field support and service. Basic manufacturing functions as well as materials-handling and inventory control can also be simulated by computers before the system is built in an attempt to eliminate wastage. See also artificial intelligence, expert systems, robotics
contract manufacturing: (Ticaret) A third party that performs one or more production operations for a manufacturer who will market the final item under their own name. They often charge on a per-piece or per-lot basis for the labor required for their services while using components or materials supplied and owned by the final item manufacturer
current Good Manufacturing Practices: (Ticaret) (cGMP) Regulations as specified by the U.S. FDA or other regulatory body that describes the methods, equipment and control procedures required for food processing, medical device manufacturing and related industries
discrete manufacturing: (Ticaret) A manufacturing environment often characterized by individual, separate unit production, low unit volume, high product complexity, variable lead times and production to order vs. to stock
flexible manufacturing: (p 280) Designing machines to do multiple tasks so that they can produce a variety of products
flexible manufacturing: Philosophy of manufacturing that requires that machinery to potentially have multiple uses
flexible manufacturing: Operations management techniques that help reduce the setup costs associated with the production system
flexible manufacturing: LASER, OPTICS, AND POWER SYSTEMS GROUND SYSTEMS GROUND SYSTEMS
flexible manufacturing system: A manufacturing system that enables the production of a variety of items, in small quantities, at a low cost per unit Characteristics of a flexible manufacturing system are often quick changeover and rapid response time
flexible manufacturing system: A group of computer-controlled independent workstations or machines linked by material handling systems that are able to accommodate wide variations in types and quantities of products
flexible manufacturing system: An integrated production system that is computer controlled to produce a family of parts in a flexible manner
flexible manufacturing system: an automation system with capabilities to process work as varied as a job shop with minimal direct human intervention
flexible manufacturing system: a group of machines designed to handle intermittent processing requirements and produce a variety of similar products
flexible manufacturing system: (Ticaret) (FMS) A group of computer-controlled independent workstations or machines linked by material handling systems that are able to accommodate wide variations in types and quantities of products
flexible manufacturing system: An arrangement of machine tools, capable of stand along operation, that are interconnected by a work piece transport system and controlled by a central computer Often consists of an AGV, conveyor or AS/RS delivering work pieces (machine tool pallets) and tools to machines The transport subsystem, possibly including one or more robots, carries work to the machines or pallets or other interface units so that accurate registration is rapid and automatic FMS may have a variety of parts being processed at one time
flexible manufacturing system: an integrated manufacturing capability to produce small numbers of a great variety of items at low unit cost; an FMS is also characterized by low changeover time and rapid response time
good manufacturing practices: (Ticaret) (GMP) Description of standardized, acceptable methods, controls and production facilities used in pharmaceutical, medical device and food manufacturing industries
just-in-time manufacturing: Production-control system, developed by Toyota Motor Corp. and imported to the West, that has revolutionized manufacturing methods in some industries. By relying on daily deliveries of most supplies, it eliminates waste due to overproduction and lowers warehousing costs. Supplies are closely monitored and quickly altered to meet changing demands, and small and accurate resupply deliveries must be made just as they are needed. Because there are no spares, the components must be free of defects. Plants wholly dedicated to the JIT concept require a logistics staff to schedule production, balancing product demand with plant capacity and availability of inputs. JIT has worked most effectively for large automobile manufacturers, which may have several thousand suppliers feeding parts into 100 factories that assemble components for 20 assembly lines
lean manufacturing: A overall methodology that seeks to minimize the resources required for production by eliminating waste (non-value added activities) that inflate costs, lead times and inventory requirements, and emphasizing the use of preventive maintenance , quality improvement programs, pull systems and flexible work forces and production facilities
lean manufacturing: Initiative focused on eliminating all waste in manufacturing processes Principles of lean include zero waiting time, zero inventory, scheduling (internal customer pull instead of push system), batch to flow (cut batch sizes), line balancing and cutting actual process times
lean manufacturing: (p 280) The production of goods using less of everything compared to mass production
lean manufacturing: Quality philosophy that minimizes consumption of resources that add no value to the finished product Focus is eliminating waste: unnecessary motion, overproduction and Work In Progress
lean manufacturing: The production of goods using less of everything compared to mass production
lean manufacturing: An approach to designing and managing production processes that emphasizes minimal inventory and just-in-time delivery, among other things, to improve the efficiency of a manufacturing process
lean manufacturing: or lean production - the philosophy of continually reducing waste in all areas and in all forms; an English phrase coined to summarize Japanese manufacturing techniques (specifically, the Toyota Production System)
lean manufacturing: Lean manufacturing is a manufacturing method which aims to reduce wastage, for example by keeping stocks low and by working more flexibly. efficiency-raising techniques such as lean manufacturing
manufacture: To produce something from raw materials according to a plan
manufacture: to make things either by hand or with machines
manufacture: The operation of making wares or any products by hand, by machinery, or by other agency
manufacture: Manufactures are goods or products which have been made in a factory. a long-term rise in the share of manufactures in non-oil exports
manufacture: The operation of producing a new product, article, substance, or commodity different from and having a distinctive name, character, or use from its constitute raw or prepared materials
manufacture: disapproval If you say that someone manufactures information, you are criticizing them because they invent information that is not true. According to the prosecution, the officers manufactured an elaborate story = fabricate
manufacture: To make (wares or other products) by hand, by machinery, or by other agency; as, to manufacture cloth, nails, glass, etc
manufacture: the organized action of making of goods and services for sale; "American industry is making increased use of computers to control production"
manufacture: To make or process (a raw material) into a finished product, esp by a large-scale industrial operation
manufacture: To be employed in manufacturing something
manufacture: To manufacture something means to make it in a factory, usually in large quantities. They manufacture the class of plastics known as thermoplastic materials We import foreign manufactured goods. = produce Manufacture is also a noun. the manufacture of nuclear weapons. celebrating 90 years of car manufacture. + manufacturing manu·fac·tur·ing management headquarters for manufacturing
manufacture: The process of making fireworks from the raw materials The term is more generally applied to any manipulation of firework components (e g fusing shells)
manufacture: All operations (steps) involved in the manufacture of veterinary chemical products, including purchase and quality assurance of raw materials, processing and blending or assembly, quality control, packaging, labelling, sterilising and microbiological reduction, analysis and testing, in-process storage, and releasing from manufacture for supply
manufacture: To make or process from raw materials
manufacture: means to process, granulate, compound, produce, mix, blend, or alter the composition of fertilizer or fertilizer materials
manufacture: put together out of components or parts; "the company fabricates plastic chairs"; "They manufacture small toys
manufacture: to produce, prepare, import or compound a toxic or hazardous substance This definition includes "coincidental" manufacture of a substance during manufacturing, waste treatment or fuel combustion (e g , the unintentional manufacture of hydrochloric acid during combustion of fossil fuels or the intentional manufacture of a metal compound) Note that relabeling or redistributing a container of a toxic substance where no repackaging of the toxic substance occurs does not constitute manufacturing, use or processing of the toxic substance
manufacture: put together out of components or parts; "the company fabricates plastic chairs"; "They manufacture small toys"
manufacture: A word describing something that is produced or made Something that is not found naturally in nature (natural resources)
manufacture: To make or process (a raw material) into a finished product, especially by means of a large-scale industrial operation
manufacture: the act of making something (a product) from raw materials; "the synthesis and fabrication of single crystals"; "an improvement in the manufacture of explosives"; "manufacturing is vital to Great Britain"
manufacture: make up something artificial or untrue
manufacture: Anything made from raw materials by the hand, by machinery, or by art, as cloths, iron utensils, shoes, machinery, saddlery, etc
manufacture: {f} make by machine (especially on a large scale); create, make, produce; mass-produce; fabricate, invent
manufacture: To work, as raw or partly wrought materials, into suitable forms for use; as, to manufacture wool, cotton, silk, or iron
manufacture: The creation of the molecule, or the importation of the chemical from outside the customs territory of the US and includes chemicals made as byproducts and chemicals made in waste treatment
manufacture: ANY PERSON ENGAGED IN THE BUSINESS OF MANUFACTURING EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS FOR PURPOSE OF SALE OR DISTRIBUTION OR FOR HIS OWN USE
manufacture: {i} act or process of making a product by hand or by machine (especially on a large scale); specific branch of industry (i.e. linen manufacture); product made by hand or by machine
manufacture: crafted
mixed-mode manufacturing: (Ticaret) An environment that uses a combination of discrete, repetitive or process manufacturing instead of only one type. A company may produce major lower level subassemblies in high volumes using repetitive, schedule-based techniques while using a discrete production order-based method to conduct final assembly operations for specific customer orders
molecular manufacturing: The production of complex structures via nonbiological °mechanosynthesis (and subsequent assembly operations)
molecular manufacturing: Manufacturing using molecular machinery, giving molecule-by-molecule control of products and by-products via positional chemical synthesis
molecular manufacturing: The building of complex structures by mechanochemical processes
process manufacturing: -type of manufacturing where a product is produced or transformed through mixing, chemical reactions, etc Examples of process manufacturing would be refining crude oil into gasoline, extracting copper from ore, combining materials to make paint Process as apposed to Discrete manufacturing See also Discrete manufacturing
process manufacturing: That part of the production process that physically or chemically changes materials
process manufacturing: Production that adds value by mixing, separating, forming, and/or performing chemical reactions e g food, chemical, oil industries It may be done in either batch or continuous mode The detailed functional requirements of process manufacturers usually differ significantly from the requirements of discrete manufacturers
process manufacturing: A manufacturing environment often characterized by a batch or continuous transformation of a gas, liquid or powder, low product complexity and manufacturing variations, fixed or dedicated facilities, a flat bill of material and relatively few transactions
process manufacturing: –A type of manufacturing that produces products by mixing, separating, forming, reacting etc (e g as in a chemical plant) It may be done in either batch or continuous mode See repetitive (discrete) manufacturing
process manufacturing: Manufacturing where a product is produced or transformed through mixing, chemical reactions, etc Examples of process manufacturing would be refining crude oil into gasoline, extracting copper from ore, combining materials to make paint
repetitive manufacturing: (Ticaret) A manufacturing environment often characterized by discrete, solid units, high individual unit volumes, low manufacturing variation, production line facility layout and use of a schedule instead of individual orders
shoe-manufacturing concern: factory that produces shoes
toll manufacturing: (Ticaret) A version of contract manufacturing sometimes used in the pharmaceutical and specialty chemical industries in which production of specific batches are outsourced to GMP-certified third parties. Ingredients are usually supplied by the originating company in order to control sourcing quality