O zamana kadar bütün dükkanları kapalı buldum.
- I found all the shops closed by that time.
O zamana kadar çoktan ayrılmış olacağım.
- By that time I'll have already left.
Şimdiye kadar oraya varmalıydılar.
- They ought to have arrived there by this time.
... Humans ride into battle on horseback for the first time. ...
... And these things are happening like all the time? ...