parities

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الإنجليزية - الإنجليزية
plural of parity
The value of one currency in terms of another
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A set with the property of having all of its elements belonging to one of two disjoint subsets, especially a set of integers split in subsets of even and odd elements

Parity is always preserved in such operations.

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In reversi, the last move within a given sector of the board
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The classification of an element of a set with parity into one of the two sets

The particles' parities can switch at random.

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Equality; comparability of strength or intensity
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equality, as of condition or rank
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{n} equality, resemblance, likeness
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A form of error checking used in RS232 serial data transfer Parity can be sent of even odd, or none A digital message is composed of 1s and 0s The parity of a byte is the binary sum over the length of that byte A parity error results when one of the bits in a byte is changed so that the parity of the byte changes during transmission
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symmetry of interactions under spatial inversion
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(obstetrics) the number of live-born children a woman has delivered; "the parity of the mother must be considered"; "a bipara is a woman who has given birth to two children"
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the number of times a woman has given birth
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a method of checking for errors in digital data In an even parity system an extra bit (making a total of 9 bits) is assigned to be on or off so as to make the number of on bits even In an odd parity system the number of on bits would have to be odd If the number of on bits is wrong, an error has occurred
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in Othello(r) or reversi it is the last move within a given sector of the board
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A term used in binary communication systems to indicate whether a number of 1's in a transmission is even or odd If the number of 1's is even, the parity is said to be even; if the number of 1's is odd, the parity is said to be odd
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The quality or condition of being equal or equivalent; A like state or degree; equality; close correspondence; analogy; as, parity of reasoning
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The state of a binary-coded character under a system in which a character having an even number of digits is assigned the code 0 and one having an odd number is assigned the code 1 A parity bit is used to check the accuracy of data For example, in RAID, the combined binary values of the striped bytes or sectors create a parity character Parity is used to recover data in the event one drive in array fails
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A method of data integrity checking that adds a single bit to each byte of data The parity bit is responsible for checking for errors in the other 8 bits
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(mathematics) a relation between a pair of integers: if both integers are odd or both are even they have the same parity; if one is odd and the other is even they have different parity
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(physics) parity is conserved in a universe in which the laws of physics are the same in a right-handed system of coordinates as in a left-handed system
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A character-level error-control mechanism used with asynchronous signaling codes A parity bit is set to either a "one" (mark) or a "zero" (space) to ensure that the total quantity of "ones" within a character are either odd (odd parity) or even (even parity) Start and stop bits are excluded from the parity calculation Character-level error-control has not been successful, and today, parity is rarely used Asynchronous hardware, however, requires that the parity bit be present (usually forced to "one") even if unused
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- Extra information bits that are added to the data stream If a disk failure occurs, the parity combined with the data on the remaining drives can be used to recreate the data on the lost drive
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Value used in checking data transmissions for errors by setting a parity bit to odd, even, or none When character bit patterns are forced into parity (total number of one bits odd or even) by adding a one or zero bit as they are transmitted, the receiving device then verifies the parity as odd or even upon receipt of the data
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A simple error-checking system in serial communications Parity is carried on the 8th bit of a byte If all 8 bits are used for data, parity is set to None If the parity bit is 1, parity is said to be Odd, and if 0, Even
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(computer science) abit that is used in an error detection procedure in which a 0 or 1 is added to each group of bits so that it will have either an odd number of 1's or an even number of 1's; e g , if the parity is odd then any group of bits that arrives with an even number of 1's must contain an error
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A bit added to a group of bits to detect the presence of an error The parity bit looks at the other 8 bits and determines if they are even or odd and correspondingly is a 0 or 1 The system compares the 8 bits with the parity bit If they both are even or odd, the data is assumed to be correct If one is even and one is odd, there is an error, and typically the system will fail
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In communications, a simple form of error checking that uses an extra, or redundant bit, after the data bits but before the stop bit(s) Parity may be set to odd, even, mark, space, or none Odd parity indicates that the sum of all the 1 bits in the byte plus the parity bit must be odd If the total is already odd, the parity bit is set to zero; if it is even, the parity bit is set to 1 In even parity, the sum of all the 1 bits is even, the parity bit must be set to 1; if it is odd, the parity bit must be set to 1 In mark parity, the parity bit is always set to 1, and is used as the eighth bit In space parity, the parity bit is set to 0, and used as the eighth bit If parity is set to none, there is no parity bit, and no parity checking is performed The parity setting on your computer must match the setting on the remote computer for successful communications Most online services use no parity and an eight-bit data word
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functional equality (physics) parity is conserved in a universe in which the laws of physics are the same in a right-handed system of coordinates as in a left-handed system (mathematics) a relation between a pair of integers: if both integers are odd or both are even they have the same parity; if one is odd and the other is even they have different parity (obstetrics) the number of live-born children a woman has delivered; "the parity of the mother must be considered"; "a bipara is a woman who has given birth to two children
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Logic that detects the presence of an error in memory Generally, a single parity bit is used for each byte (8 bits) of data The most commonly used forms of parity are even parity, odd parity and checksums
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For convertibles, level at which a convertible security's market price equals the aggregate value of the underlying common stock; value/worth of the convertible bond considered upon only as an equity instrument (conversion ratio x common price ) See: conversion value For international parity, US$ price of a foreign stock's last sale in an overseas market (local currency stock price x forex rate x A D R ratio) For listed parity, condition whereby no party has floor priority, and matching thus occurs For options parity, dollar amount by which an option is in-the-money See: intrinsic value
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{i} equality; extra bit added to bytes of computer data and are used to detect transmission errors (Computers)
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the property of having only two classifications, especially (in mathematics) the classifications even and odd
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The quality of sameness or equivalence, in the case of computers usually referring to an error-checking procedure in which the number of ones must always be the sameeither even or oddfor each group of bits transmitted without error If parity is checked on a per-character basis, the method is called vertical redundancy checking, or VRC; if its checked on a block-by-block basis, the method is called longitudinal redundancy checking, or LRC In typical modem-to-modem communications, parity is one of the parameters that must be agreed upon by sending and receiving parties before transmission can take place See also fault tolerance; stripe set; stripe sets with parity
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Data integrity checking that adds a single bit to each byte of data The parity bit is used to detect errors in the other 8 bits
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The parity of a number is its trait of being either odd or even Often, in transmission of groups of bits of data, an extra bit is added so that the total of the bits is always odd or always even This is called the parity of the data An error in transmission has a 50 chance of changing the parity, so if many errors are present, the receiving party will be warned
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Parity memory is used to detect memory errors Each byte of data is accompanied by a parity bit which is determined by the number of ones in the eight data bits Even (odd) parity ensures that the total number of one bits in the data bits and parity bit is even (odd) Parity memory is most commonly used on microcomputers with a small word size A parity memory system which uses a 64 bit word requires the same number of bits as error correcting memory, which makes error correcting memory more appealing for 64 bit and larger word sizes
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A check bit used to make the sum of the bits in a unit of data either even or odd (including the parity bit) A unit of data that is 8 bits long would have no parity, and a unit of data 7 bits long would have an even parity bit to make an 8 bit word Parity is used to check a unit of data for errors during transmission through phone lines or null modem cables
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The quality of an integer being odd or even Also see parity bit, parity checking
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In telecommunications, the quality of being odd or even, used in reference to the bits in a segment of data transmission A parity check is used to determine the integrity of, or freedom from error, in the unit of transmitted data
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A simple error detecting technique, used to detect data transmission errors, in which an extra bit (0 or 1) is added to each binary represented character to achieve an even number of 1 bits (even parity) or an odd number of 1 bits (odd parity) By checking the parity of the characters received an single errors can be detected The same principle can be applied to blocks of binary data
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equal; even; of comparable strength or intensity
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If there is parity between the units of currency of two countries, the exchange rate is such that the units are equal to each other. The government was ready to let the pound sink to parity with the dollar if necessary. In economics, equality in price, rate of exchange, purchasing power, or wages. In international exchange, parity exists when the exchange rate between two currencies makes the purchasing power of both currencies equal. Adjustments to maintain parity can occur in the marketplace as prices change in response to supply and demand, or through the intervention of national governments or international agencies such as the International Monetary Fund. In U.S. agricultural economics, the term parity is used for a system of regulating the prices of farm commodities, usually by government price supports and production quotas, to guarantee farmers the purchasing power they had in a past base period. Parity is also used in personnel administration to establish equitable wage rates for various classes of employees. In physics, a property related to the symmetry of the wave function representing a system of fundamental particles. It plays an important role in quantum mechanics in the description of a physical system. Parity transformation replaces a system with a type of mirror image in which the spatial coordinates describing the system are inverted, so that the coordinates x, y, and z are replaced with -x, -y, and -z. If a system is identical to the original system after parity transformation, its parity is even. If the image is the negative of the original, its parity is odd. In either case, the physical observables of the system remain unchanged. In 1957 Chien-Shiung Wu (1912-1997) and coworkers made the surprising discovery that beta decay reactions do not conserve parity; in other words, the inverted image of the process does not exist in nature. This is a general property of the weak force
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Standard ASCII takes 7 bits to define one character, but a byte has 8 bits Some online systems use the 8th bit as a primitive form of error-checking: the sending machine adds up the value of the bits in each byte, and gets either an odd or an even result It then sets the 8th bit according to its calculation The receiving machine performs the same calculation, and then compares its result with the value of the 8th bit If they don't match, then the byte has become corrupted (Unfortunately, it is possible for a byte to be corrupted, and yet still have the 8th bit match, so parity checking isn't particularly useful, and most systems these days don't bother with it )
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Equality, as in amount, status, or value Parity in philanthropy is the equal participation by spouses or other family members in the allocation of charitable dollars and in receiving the satisfaction and recognition of their contributions
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If there is parity between two things, they are equal. Women have yet to achieve wage or occupational parity in many fields
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the classification of an item into one of two sets, especially (in mathematics) into even or odd
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1 A method of error checking There are two forms, even and odd parity For even parity, set bits of the data are counted and a separate parity bit is set (if necessary) to make the number of set bits even Odd parity works in the same manner except that the number of set bits is always odd 2 Equivalence in the checkbits of transmitted and received data GigaRing
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An error-checking procedure in which the number of 1s must always be the same- either even or odd- for each group of bits transmitted without error The parity setting is often important in communications If you are having difficulty with a modem, check the parity; it can be odd, even, or none
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functional equality
parities
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