gregory

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Определение gregory в Английский Язык Английский Язык словарь

A male given name

A patronymic surname

Bateson Gregory Corso Gregory Gregory I Saint Gregory the Great Gregory IX Gregory of Nazianzus Saint Gregory of Nyssa Saint Gregory of Tours Saint Gregory VII Saint Gregory XIII Gregory X Gregory Augusta Lady Lewis Matthew Gregory Louganis Gregory Efthimios Gregory Alan Maddux Norman Gregory John Palamas Saint Gregory Peck Eldred Gregory

{i} male first name

borne by early saints, and by 16 popes. Used since Middle Ages; popular in the mid-twentieth century

Irish playwright. She was a founder (1899) and director (1904-1932) of the Abbey Theatre, for which she wrote a number of short plays, including Spreading the News (1904). orig. Ugo di Segni born before 1170 died Aug. 22, 1241, Rome Pope (1227-41) who founded the papal Inquisition. In 1227 he excommunicated Frederick II when the emperor delayed in keeping his pledge to lead a Crusade. Gregory ordered an attack on the kingdom of Sicily in the emperor's absence, but his forces were defeated. In 1234 he published the Decretals, a code of canon law that remained fundamental to Catholicism until World War I. Attacking heresy in southern France and northern Italy, he strengthened the Inquisition. Frederick's invasion of Sardinia, a papal fief, led Gregory to renew his excommunication (1239); he sought support in northern Italy but died before the struggle was resolved. orig. Ugo Buoncompagni born June 7, 1502, Bologna, Romagna died April 10, 1585, Rome, Papal States Pope (1572-85) who promulgated the Gregorian calendar. After teaching at the University of Bologna, he served as a delegate to the Council of Trent, became a cardinal in 1565, and was elected pope in 1572. A promoter of the Counter-Reformation, he sought to execute the reform decrees of the council. He compiled the Index librorum prohibitorum and founded several colleges and seminaries, delegating their direction to the Jesuits. Aided by an astronomer and a mathematician, he corrected the errors in the Julian calendar and issued the Gregorian calendar (1582), which was later adopted worldwide. orig. Tebaldo Visconti born 1210, Piacenza, Lombardy [Italy] died Jan. 10, 1276, Arezzo, Tuscany Pope (1271-76). He kept the Holy Roman Empire from disintegrating, by securing the election of Rudolf I as emperor. Rudolf in return promised to lead a new Crusade and renounced claims in Rome and the papal territories. In 1274 Gregory issued a new constitution reforming the assembly of cardinals that elects a new pope. He also initiated a Crusade and worked to unify the Greek and Roman churches. He was beatified Sept. 12, 1713. His feast days are January 28 and February

(Roman Catholic Church) a pope distinguished for his spiritual and temporal leadership; a saint and Doctor of the Church (540?-604) the pope who fought to establish the supremacy of the pope over the Church and the supremacy of the Church over the state (1020-1085) the pope who sponsored the introduction of the modern calendar (1572-1585)

(Roman Catholic Church) a pope distinguished for his spiritual and temporal leadership; a saint and Doctor of the Church (540?-604)

the pope who fought to establish the supremacy of the pope over the Church and the supremacy of the Church over the state (1020-1085)

the pope who sponsored the introduction of the modern calendar (1572-1585)

Связанные Термины

Gregory Bateson

born May 9, 1904, Grantchester, Eng. died July 4, 1980, San Francisco, Calif., U.S. British-born U.S. anthropologist. Son of British biologist William Bateson, he studied anthropology at Cambridge University but soon thereafter moved to the U.S. His most important book, Naven (1936), was a groundbreaking study of cultural symbolism and ritual based on fieldwork in New Guinea. From 1936 to 1950 he was married to Margaret Mead, with whom he studied the connection between culture and personality, publishing Balinese Character in 1942. His interests broadened to include problems of learning and communication among schizophrenics. His last book, Mind and Nature (1978), synthesized many of his ideas

Gregory Corso

born March 26, 1930, New York, N.Y., U.S. died Jan. 17, 2001, Robbinsdale, Minn. American poet. A troubled adolescent, Corso spent time in prison. In New York City he became acquainted with Allen Ginsberg, who became his mentor. Corso became a leading member of the Beat movement. His poetry is notable for its directness and its startling imagery. Among his poetry collections are The Vestal Lady on Brattle (1955), The Mutation of the Spirit (1964), Herald of the Autochthonic Spirit (1981), and Mindfield (1989)

Gregory Efthimios Louganis

born Jan. 29, 1960, San Diego, Calif., U.S. U.S. diver, considered the greatest diver in history. He was trained early in dancing, tumbling, and acrobatics. During his diving career, he won an unprecedented 47 national and 13 world championships, including two Olympic gold medals (1984) and one silver (1976). In 1982 he became the first diver ever to earn a perfect score of 10, and the following year he received 99 points in springboard competition. He was known for his graceful, effortless style. In 1995 he revealed that he had AIDS

Gregory John Norman

born Feb. 10, 1955, Mount Isa, Queen., Austl. Australian golfer. After losing the 1984 U.S. Open in an 18-hole playoff, he won the British Open in 1986 and repeated that victory in 1993. Nicknamed "the Great White Shark" for his light blond hair and his aggressive style, he had compiled 78 career individual victories by 1998. Though he was one of the top PGA career money winners, victory in the most prestigious tournaments often eluded him he lost the Masters Tournament by one stroke in 1986 and 1987 and has been the runner-up in eight major tournaments. His gracious attitude after his loss to Nick Faldo in the 1996 Masters won him a large number of fans

Gregory Peck

born April 5, 1916, La Jolla, Calif., U.S. died June 12, 2003, Los Angeles, Calif. U.S. film actor. While a premed student at the University of California at Berkeley, he developed a taste for acting. He appeared on Broadway in The Morning Star (1942) and played several other stage roles before making his film debut in Days of Glory (1944). Known for playing likeable, honest men of high moral quality, he starred in movies such as The Keys of the Kingdom (1944), Spellbound (1945), Gentleman's Agreement (1947), Twelve O'Clock High (1949), Roman Holiday (1953), and To Kill a Mockingbird (1962, Academy Award). His later films include MacArthur (1977), The Old Gringo (1989), and Cape Fear (1991). He also served for three years as president of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences

Gregory XIII

Pope (1572-1585) who established many Catholic universities and seminaries and sponsored the adoption of the Gregorian calendar (1582). Pope from 1572 until his death. He is famous for changing the system of calculating the days of the year, by introducing the Gregorian Calendar in 1582 (1502-85)

gregory nazianzen

(Roman Catholic Church) a church father known for his constant fight against perceived heresies; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-391)

Augusta Lady Gregory

orig. Isabella Augusta Persse born March 5, 1852, Roxborough, County Galway, Ire. died May 22, 1932, Coole Irish playwright and theatre manager, an important figure in the Irish Literary Renaissance. With William Butler Yeats, she helped found the Irish Literary Theatre (1898) and the Abbey Theatre (1904). She wrote many dialect comedies based on Irish peasant life, including those collected in Seven Short Plays (1909). She also translated plays by Molière and others into an Anglo-Irish dialect that she called "Kiltartan" and translated and arranged Irish sagas into continuous narratives, published as Cuchulain of Muirthemne (1902) and Gods and Fighting Men (1904)

Eldred Gregory Peck

born April 5, 1916, La Jolla, Calif., U.S. died June 12, 2003, Los Angeles, Calif. U.S. film actor. While a premed student at the University of California at Berkeley, he developed a taste for acting. He appeared on Broadway in The Morning Star (1942) and played several other stage roles before making his film debut in Days of Glory (1944). Known for playing likeable, honest men of high moral quality, he starred in movies such as The Keys of the Kingdom (1944), Spellbound (1945), Gentleman's Agreement (1947), Twelve O'Clock High (1949), Roman Holiday (1953), and To Kill a Mockingbird (1962, Academy Award). His later films include MacArthur (1977), The Old Gringo (1989), and Cape Fear (1991). He also served for three years as president of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences

Matthew Gregory Lewis

born July 9, 1775, London, Eng. died May 4, 1818, at sea English novelist and dramatist. The sensational success of his gothic novel The Monk (1796) earned him the nickname "Monk" Lewis. Its horror, violence, and eroticism brought it a wide readership, though it was universally condemned. Lewis also wrote a popular music drama in the same vein, The Castle Spectre (1798). After inheriting a large fortune in Jamaica in 1812, he sailed twice to the island to inquire about the treatment of slaves on his estates there, and he died at sea. Journal of a West India Proprietor (1834) attests to his humane and liberal attitudes

Saint Gregory I

known as Gregory the Great born 540, Rome died March 12, 604, Rome Pope (590-604) and doctor of the church. A Roman patrician, by age 32 he had attained the office of urban prefect. He then felt called to the religious life. He built several monasteries and served as a papal representative before being elected pope in 590, to which he only reluctantly assented. He became the architect of the medieval papacy, seeking, among other things, to curb corruption by centralizing the papal administration. In 598 he won temporary peace with the Lombards, and he allowed the Byzantine usurper Phocas to make permanent peace with them in 602. Eager to convert pagan peoples, Gregory sent Augustine of Canterbury on a mission to England (596). Under Gregory, Gothic Arian Spain see Arianism) became reconciled with Rome. He laid the basis for the Papal States. He was a strong opponent of slavery, and he extended tolerance to Jews. He wrote the Pastoral Rule, a guide for church government, and other works. His extensive recodification of the liturgy and chant led to his name being given to Gregorian chant. He is remembered as one of the greatest of all the medieval popes

Saint Gregory Palamas

born Nov. 11/14, 1296, Constantinople died 1359, Thessalonica, Byzantine Empire Eastern Orthodox priest. From 1332 he was the chief defender of the school of mysticism known as Hesychasm, which integrated repetitive prayer with bodily postures and controlled breathing. His Apology for the Holy Hesychasts (1338) is a justification for mystical experience that involves both soul and body; his Book of Holiness (1344) is the fundamental textbook of Byzantine mysticism. He was made bishop of Thessalonica in 1347, and in 1368 he was acclaimed a saint and named Father and Doctor of the Orthodox church

Saint Gregory VII

v. orig. Hildebrand born 1020, near Soana, Papal States died May 25, 1085, Salerno, Principality of Salerno; canonized 1606; feast day May 25 Pope (1073-85). Educated in a monastery in Rome where his uncle was abbot, he rose to become a cardinal and archdeacon of Rome and was finally chosen pope in 1073. One of the great medieval reformers, Gregory attacked simony and clerical marriage and insisted that his papal legates had authority over local bishops. He is remembered chiefly for his conflict with Emperor Henry IV in the Investiture Controversy. Gregory's excommunication of the emperor gave rise to a bitter quarrel that ended when Henry begged for forgiveness in a memorable scene at Canossa, Italy, in 1077. A renewed quarrel led Gregory to excommunicate the emperor again in 1080, and Henry's forces took Rome in 1084. Gregory was rescued by Robert Guiscard, but the devastation of Rome forced the pope to withdraw to Salerno, where he died

Saint Gregory of Nazianzus

born 330, Arianzus, near Nazianzus, in Cappadocia, Asia Minor died 389, Arianzus; Eastern feast day January 25 and 30; Western feast day February 2 One of the Church Fathers of Eastern Orthodoxy. He was ordained a priest in Nazianzus in 362. He helped his friend Basil the Great combat Arianism. Though consecrated bishop of Sasima in 372, he did not take possession of the bishopric, instead retiring to a life of contemplation and study. He was noted for his defense of the doctrine of the Holy Trinity and of the Nicene Creed. In 380 he took over the Great Church of Constantinople, but, after being denied acknowledgment as bishop, he once again retired

Saint Gregory of Nyssa

born 335, Caesarea, Cappadocia, Asia Minor died 394; feast day March 9 Eastern Orthodox theologian and mystic. Initially a teacher of rhetoric, he turned to religion under the influence of his brother, Basil the Great, and was consecrated bishop of Nyssa in 372. Deposed by Arian opposition in 376, he was restored to office in 378 after the death of the Arian emperor Valens. An associate of Gregory of Nazianzus, he became a leading defender of the doctrine of the Holy Trinity. His writings include The Great Catechesis, a classic outline of Orthodox theology that examines the place of the sacraments in the church. A Christian Platonist, he shared Origen's hope for ultimate universal salvation

Saint Gregory of Tours

orig. Georgius Florentius born Nov. 30?, 538/539, Clermont, Aquitaine? died Nov. 17, 594?, Tours, Neustria Frankish bishop and writer. Born into an aristocratic family that had produced several bishops of what is today central France, Gregory succeeded his cousin as bishop of Tours in 573. He was involved in numerous political events and in open dispute with the king, Chilperic I. His fame rests on his History of the Franks, a chief source for knowledge of the 6th-century Franco-Roman kingdom. His other writings, including Lives of the Fathers, on the lives of saints, and seven books of miracles, afford unique evidence of religious and social life in Merovingian France

Расстановка переносов

Greg·o·ry

Турецкое произношение

gregıri

Произношение

/ˈgregərē/ /ˈɡrɛɡɜriː/

Этимология

[ 'gre-g(&-)rE ] (biographical name.) Via Latin Gregorius, from post-classical Ancient Greek Γρηγόριος (Grēgorios, “watchful”).