bessemer

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Besemer

Related Terms

bessemer convertor
bessemer konvertisörü
bessemer iron
bessemer demiri
bessemer pig iron
bessemer fontu
bessemer process
bessemer işlemi
bessemer steel
bessemer çeliği
bessemer converter
(Mühendislik) bessemer potası
English - English
British inventor and metallurgist who received more than 100 patents, most notably for the Bessemer process. basic Bessemer process Bessemer process Bessemer Sir Henry
{i} family name; Henry Bessemer (1813-1898), English engineer, developer of the Bessemer process (process of producing steel)
British inventor and metallurgist who developed the Bessemer process (1813-1898)

Related Terms

Bessemer converter
A large pear-shaped container in which molten iron is converted to steel by the Bessemer process
Bessemer process
A method for making steel by blasting compressed air through molten iron to burn out excess carbon and impurities. Technique for converting pig iron to steel invented by Henry Bessemer in England in 1856 and brought by him into commercial production in 1860. Air blown through liquid pig iron in a refractory-lined converter oxidizes the carbon and silicon in the iron. Heat released by the oxidation keeps the metal molten. R.F. Mushet contributed the technique for deoxidizing the converted metal that made the process a success. William Kelly conducted experiments with an air-blown converter between 1856 and 1860 in Kentucky and Pennsylvania, but failed to make steel. Alexander L. Holley built the first successful Bessemer steel plant in the U.S. in 1865. High-volume production of low-cost steel in Britain and the U.S. by the Bessemer process soon revolutionized building construction and provided steel to replace iron in railroad rails and many other uses. The Bessemer process was eventually superseded by the open-hearth process. See also basic Bessemer process
Bessemer process
process of producing steel from impure iron by forcing compressed air through molten metal
bessemer converter
a refractory-lined furnace used to convert pig iron into steel by the Bessemer process
bessemer process
an industrial process for making steel using a Bessemer converter to blast air through through molten iron and thus burning the excess carbon and impurities; the first successful method of making steel in quantity at low cost
bessemer steel
Steel made directly from cast iron, by burning out a portion of the carbon and other impurities that the latter contains, through the agency of a blast of air which is forced through the molten metal; so called from Sir Henry Bessemer, an English engineer, the inventor of the process
Henry Bessemer
{i} (1813-1898) English engineer, developer of the Bessemer process (process of producing steel)
Sir Henry Bessemer
At that time the only iron-based construction materials were cast iron and wrought iron. So-called steel was made by adding carbon to pure forms of wrought iron (see wootz); the resulting material was used almost entirely for cutting tools. During the Crimean War Bessemer worked to devise a stronger cast iron for cannon. The result was a process for the inexpensive production of large, slag-free ingots of steel as workable as any wrought iron. He eventually also discovered how to remove excess oxygen from the iron. The Bessemer process (1856) led to the development of the Bessemer converter. See also basic Bessemer process; R.F. Mushet; puddling process
Sir Henry Bessemer
born Jan. 19, 1813, Charlton, Hertfordshire, Eng. died March 15, 1898, London British inventor and engineer. Son of a metallurgist, he set up his own casting business at
Sir Henry Bessemer
{i} (1813-1898) English engineer, developer of the Bessemer process (process of producing steel)
basic Bessemer process
Modification of the Bessemer process for converting pig iron into steel. The original Bessemer converter was not effective in removing the phosphorus from iron made from the high-phosphorus ores common in Britain and Europe. The invention of the basic process in England by Sidney G. Thomas (1850-1885) and Percy Gilchrist overcame this problem; the Thomas-Gilchrist converter was lined with a basic material such as burned limestone rather than an acid siliceous material. The introduction of the basic Bessemer process in 1879 made it possible for the first time for such high-phosphorus ore to be used for making steel
bessemer
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