antiochus

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Antiokus
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name of the thirteen kings of the Seleucid dynasty
One of the thirteen kings of the Seleucid
known as Antiochus the Great born 242 died 187 BC, near Susa, Iran Seleucid king of the Syrian empire (223-187 BC). After quelling a rebellion by Achaeus, his governor in Asia Minor (213), Antiochus marched east to India (212-205). He forged a peaceful alliance with Armenia and forcible ones with Parthia and Bactria, stilling resistance to his campaign. After the death of Ptolemy IV, Antiochus and Philip V of Macedonia divided most of his empire, Antiochus taking the southern and eastern lands, including Palestine ( 202). He then marched against Egypt, concluding a peace in 195, through which he acquired southern Syria and Ptolemy's territories in Asia Minor. Rome grew angry with Antiochus after he admitted Hannibal of Carthage to his court; when Antiochus took a force to defend the Aetolians against Rome, Rome struck against him, eventually defeating him at Magnesia (189). He gave up lands in Europe and western Asia Minor but kept Syria, Mesopotamia, and western Iran. He was murdered while exacting much-needed tribute near Susa. Antiochus I Soter Antiochus III Antiochus the Great Antiochus IV Epiphanes
{i} name of a number of kings of the Seleucid dynasty which ruled over Syria from 324-129 BC
the name of several Syrian kings from B C 280 to B C 65 The most notable of these were, (1 ) Antiochus the Great, who ascended the throne B C 223 He is regarded as the "king of the north" referred to in Dan 11: 13-19 He was succeeded (B C 187) by his son, Seleucus Philopater, spoken of by Daniel (11: 20) as "a raiser of taxes", in the Revised Version, "one that shall cause an exactor to pass through the glory of the kingdom "
The name of several Syrian monarchs who inherited power from Seleucus I, a general and successor of Alexander the Great The most famous were Antiochus III, who gained control of Palestine from Egypt in 198/197 b c e , and Antiochus IV (Epiphanes, or "God Manifest") (175-163 b c e ), whose persecution of the Jews led to the Maccabean revolt

Related Terms

Antiochus Epiphanes
{i} Antiochus IV, Seleucid king of Syria and Mesopotamia during the revolt led by Judah the Maccabee
Antiochus I Soter
born 324 died 261 BC King of Seleucid Syria in the east (292?-281 BC) and later overall (281-261). Son of Seleucus I, he consolidated the Seleucid kingdom, founded numerous cities, and expanded trade routes. In 281 he contended with revolts in Syria and northern Anatolia and fought a war with Antigonus II Gonatas. With the defeat of the Gauls in Greece (279), he and Antigonus signed a pact of nonintervention. The Gauls in Asia Minor were not defeated until 275, after which he was hailed as Soter ("Saviour") by appreciative Ionians. He settled Greeks in Asia Minor and Persia to counter invasions, and he worked to revive Babylonian culture. Though he won Phoenicia and the coast of Asia Minor from Egypt, he soon lost them, and in 261 he lost much of northern Asia Minor to Pergamum
Antiochus IV Epiphanes
born 215 died 164 BC, Tabae, Iran Seleucid king of the Hellenistic Syrian kingdom (175-164 BC). Son of Antiochus III, he was taken hostage in Rome (189-175), where he learned about Roman institutions. On his release, he ousted a usurper to take over Syria. He conquered Egypt except Alexandria (169) and ruled Egypt as regent for his nephew Ptolemy VI. The Roman defeat of his Macedonian allies neutralized his victories in Cyprus and Egypt (168), and he was forced to leave both, though he kept southern Syria. He took Jerusalem (167) and enforced its Hellenization; Jewish rites were forbidden on pain of death. In 164 Judas Maccabaeus and the anti-Greek Jews conquered Judaea except for the Acra in Jerusalem (164), tore down the altar of Zeus, and reconsecrated the Temple. Antiochus then turned to defending his empire against the Parthians in the east, regained Armenia, and went on to the Arabian coast before dying in Persis