arabian peninsula

الإنجليزية - الإنجليزية

تعريف arabian peninsula في الإنجليزية الإنجليزية القاموس.: A peninsula in the Middle East, bordered on by Jordan, the Syrian desert and Iraq to the north, the Persian Gulf to the northeast, the Gulf of Oman to the east, the Arabian Sea (part of the Indian Ocean) to the south (southeast), the Gulf of Aden to the south, the Red Sea to the west (southwest) extending north into the Gulf of Aqaba, and north along the Red Sea Rift to the Mediterranean Sea on the west (northwest). It consists mainly of Saudi Arabia, and may be geologically defined as the Arabian plate, also as the Arabian subcontinent; or Arabia Peninsular region, southwest Asia. With its offshore islands, it covers about 1 million sq mi (2.6 million sq km). Constituent countries are Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, and, the largest, Saudi Arabia. It is generally arid and is covered almost entirely by the Arabian Desert. The modern economy is dominated by the production of petroleum and natural gas. The world's largest proven reserves of those minerals are in the Arabian Peninsula. Its political consolidation was begun by the Prophet Muhammad, and it was the centre of the orthodox caliphate until 661, when that office passed to the Umayyad dynasty in Damascus. After 1517 much of the region was dominated by the Ottoman Empire, though the peninsula's people, who had remained largely tribal and nomadic, revolted repeatedly until the World War I (1914-18), when the Ottoman Empire dissolved. Thereafter, individual nation-states followed their own histories, though many maintained close ties with European powers such as the United Kingdom; {i} Arabia, peninsula between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf (includes Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Qatar and Kuwait); a peninsula between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf; strategically important for its oil resources

arabian peninsula