zhang

listen to the pronunciation of zhang
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cange
Английский Язык - Английский Язык
{i} family name (Chinese)
Zhang Daoling Zhang Daqian Zhang Juzheng Zhang Yimou Zhang Zai Zhang Zhidong Zhang Zuolin

Связанные Термины

Zhang Daoling
or Chang Tao-ling born AD 34?, Pei, Jiangsu province, China died 156?, Hanzhong Founder and first patriarch of organized religious Daoism. Zhang composed a Daoist work that attracted many followers among Chinese and indigenous groups in Sichuan. Like contemporary Daoists, he promised longevity and physical immortality, but, unlike others, he emphasized the importance of religious organization. He founded the Five Pecks of Rice movement. Zhang, his son, and his grandson are known as the Three Zhangs. While the Daodejing was the basic text, Zhang's Xiang'er commentary interpreted it to suit the organization's needs
Zhang Daqian
or Chang Ta-ch'ien born May 10, 1899, Neijiang, Sichuan province, China died April 2, 1983, Taipei, Taiwan Chinese painter and collector. As a young man, he meticulously studied and copied the works of ancient masters; he gained notoriety in Shanghai for his forgeries. Zhang extended his career to the north in the late 1920s, when he became active in the cultural circles of Beijing. He began to collaborate with the well-known Beijing painter Pu Xinyu, and together they became known as "South Zhang and North Pu." In 1940 Zhang led a group of artists to the caves of Mogao and Yulin for the purpose of copying their Buddhist wall paintings. The group completed over 200 paintings, and the experience left Zhang with a repository of religious imagery. During this period he became particularly known for his lotus paintings, inspired by works from the Tang-Song era. In reaction to the political climate, Zhang left China in the early 1950s and traveled throughout the world. He developed eye problems in the late 1950s, and, as his eyesight deteriorated, he developed his mature splashed-colour (pocai) style. His work in this style fetched the highest market prices for contemporary Chinese paintings at international auctions of the time
Zhang Juzheng
or Chang Chü-cheng born 1525, Jiangling, Hubei province, China died 1582, Beijing Powerful Chinese minister of the Ming dynasty under the Longqing and Wanli emperors. His benevolent rule and strong foreign and economic policies are considered to have brought the Ming dynasty to its peak. He is credited with centralizing government, limiting special privileges, and reclaiming tax-exempt land
Zhang Yimou
born Nov. 14, 1950, Xi'an, China Chinese film director. He began his film career as a cinematographer, and his work for Chen Kaige's The Yellow Earth (1983) helped launch the "Fifth Generation," filmmakers who brought back sensuality and emotion to Chinese movies. Zhang made his directorial debut with Red Sorghum (1987), which starred Gong Li in the first of her acclaimed roles. Noted for his technical mastery, he also directed films such as Ju Dou (1990), Raise the Red Lantern (1991), The Story of Qiu Ju (1992), To Live (1994), and Shanghai Triad (1995)
Zhang Zai
or Chang Tsai born 1020, Chang'an, China died 1077, China Realist philosopher of the Song dynasty. The son of a magistrate, he studied Buddhism and Daoism before being inspired by the Confucian classics. In his Cheng-meng, he declared the universe a unity with myriad aspects and all existence an eternal integration and disintegration. Ren (humaneness) is the basic virtue, and morality consists in doing one's duty as a member of society and of the universe
Zhang Zhidong
or Chang Chih-tung born Sept. 2, 1837, Xingyi, Guizhou province, China died Oct. 4, 1909 Chinese classicist and one of the foremost reformers of his time. From 1862 to 1882 he was a scholar and educational director; from 1882 to 1907 he rose from a provincial to a national leader. He supported the dowager empress Cixi, who in turn favoured him with many promotions. Concerned with rejuvenating China, he searched for a way for China to survive in the modern world that could accommodate Western knowledge but preserve traditional ways. His attempt to launch China's first iron-and-steel works failed, but he later built a railway that extended from Hankou to near Beijing, and he founded a mint, tanneries, tile and silk factories, and paper, cotton, and wool mills. In response to China's defeat in the Sino-Japanese War, Zhang turned his attention to education, encouraging study abroad for Chinese students, establishment of a school system, translation of Western and Japanese books, and acquisition of knowledge from foreign newspapers. He also urged that civil service examinations be abolished, which occurred in 1905. See also Zeng Guofan
Zhang Zuolin
or Chang Tso-lin born March 19, 1875, Haicheng, Liaoning province, China died June 4, 1928, Shengyang, Liaoning Chinese warlord. After fighting in the Sino-Japanese War (1894-95), Zhang organized a self-defense militia in his native district. By 1912 he was in command of a division, and he set out to dominate Manchuria (northeastern China), relying on the tacit support of the Japanese, to whom he granted concessions in Manchuria. In 1918 he became inspector general of Manchuria's three provinces, which he ruled as a virtually autonomous state. In 1920 he pushed south into China proper and in 1924 took Beijing, but his troops had to abandon their position in the face of Chiang Kai-shek's 1927 Northern Expedition. Zhang was killed by a bomb planted by Japanese extremists who hoped his death would provoke the Japanese into occupying Manchuria
Charles Zhang
{i} founder and General Manager of the Chinese Internet company "ITC