Process designed to substantially remove free fatty acids and other impurities such as phosphatides, proteinaceous and mucilagenous substances, which could contribute to undesirable flavor and appearance in the finished product
series of processes for converting crude oil and its fractions to finished petroleum products Following distillation, a petroleum fraction may undergo one or more additional steps to purify or modify it These refining steps include: thermal cracking, catalytic cracking, hydroforming, hydrogenation, hydrogen treating, hydrofinishing, solvent extraction, dewaxing, de-oiling, acid treating, clay filtration, and de-asphalting Refined lube oils may be blended with other lube stocks, and additives may be incorporated, to impart special properties; refined naphthas may be blended with alkylates, cracked stock or reformates to improve octane number and other properties of gasolines
(a) The removal of impurities and metallic oxides from the molten bath by the reaction of the slag and other additions (b) A heat treatment process with the object of refining or making the grain size of the steel uniform
After distillation the hydrocarbons still contain compounds with sulphur as well as other contaminants They are removed in subsequent refining by chemical-physical processes to improve quality
A second stage of oil production where crude oils (and this includes all vegetable oils) are subjected to combinations of heat, chemicals or enzyme treatments to correct problems of smell, discoloration or contamination
Manufacturing petroleum products by a series of processes that separate crude oil into its major components and blend or convert these components into a wide range of finished products, such as gasoline or jet fuel