a range of hills in a line down the middle of England from the Scottish border to central England, which are sometimes called the "backbone of England". or Pennine Chain Mountain range, northern England. The Pennines extend south from the Scottish border to Derbyshire; the highest peak in the range is Cross Fell, at 2,930 ft (893 m). Water action has developed underground caverns in the range's limestone, which is extensively quarried. Sheep farming is also important. Archaeological remains in the area include the ancient Roman Hadrian's Wall