bhaskara

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flourished 629, possibly Valabhi, India Indian astronomer and mathematician. His fame rests on three treatises he composed on the works of Aryabhata I (b. 476). Two of these, known today as Mahabhaskariya ("Great Book of Bhaskara") and Laghubhaskariya ("Small Book of Bhaskara"), are astronomical works in verse, while Aryabhatiyabhashya (629) is a prose commentary on the Aryabhatiya of Aryabhata. Bhaskara stressed the importance of proving mathematical rules rather than just relying on tradition or expediency. born 1114, Biddur, India died 1185, probably Ujjain The leading mathematician of the 12th century. He was the lineal successor of Brahmagupta as head of an astronomical observatory at Ujjain, the leading mathematical centre of ancient India. His mathematical works were the first to make full and systematic use of the decimal system. He evidently was the first to gain some understanding of the meaning of division by zero. He used letters to represent unknown quantities, much as in modern algebra, and solved indeterminate equations of 1st and 2nd degrees. He wrote on his astronomical observations of planetary positions, conjunctions, eclipses, cosmography, geography, and the mathematical techniques and astronomical equipment used in these studies. He was also a noted astrologer