khomeini

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الإنجليزية - التركية
Humeyni
الإنجليزية - الإنجليزية
{i} Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (1900-1989), Iranian Shiite religious leader who ruled Iran after the 1979 evolution that overthrew Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi
Iranian religious leader of the Shiites; when Shah Pahlavi's regime fell Khomeini established a new constitution giving himself supreme powers (1900-1989)

المصطلحات ذات الصلة

Ayatollah Khomeini
Khomeini, Ayatollah. a religious and political leader in Iran, who was the head of its Islamic government from 1979 until his death. Khomeini demanded the exact following of Islamic laws (1900-89)
Ayatollah Khomeini
Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (1900-1989), Iranian Shiite religious leader who ruled Iran after the 1979 evolution that overthrew Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi
Ruhollah Khomeini
orig. Ruhollah Musavi born May 17, 1900?, Khomeyn, Iran died June 3, 1989, Tehrn Shite cleric and leader of Iran (1979-89). He received a traditional religious education and settled in Qom 1922, where he became a Shite scholar of some repute and an outspoken opponent first of Iran's ruler, Reza Shah Pahlavi (r. 1926-41), and then of his son, Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi (r. 1941-79). Popularly recognized as a grand ayatollah in the early 1960s, he was imprisoned and then exiled (1964) for his criticism of the government. He settled first in Iraq where he taught at the shrine city of Al-Najaf for some years and then, in 1978, near Paris, where he continued to speak out against the shah. During that time he also refined his theory of velyat-e faqh ("government of the jurist"), in which the Shite clergy traditionally politically quiescent in Iran would govern the state. Iranian unrest increased until the shah fled in 1979; Khomeini returned shortly thereafter and was eventually named Iran's political and religious leader (rahbar). He ruled over a system in which the clergy dominated the government, and his foreign policies were both anti-Western and anticommunist. During the first year of his leadership, Iranian militants seized the U.S. embassy in Tehrn greatly exacerbating tensions with the U.S. and the devastating Iran-Iraq War (1980-90) began