Convective elements that carry fluid particles vertically over distances comparable to the depth of the ocean The horizontal scale is about 1 km, and they are driven by intense cooling at the sea surface that reaches ~1000 W m-2 They are ascending and descending currents that can reach speeds in excess of ~10 cm s-1 Plumes penetrate most of the water column and efficiently homogenize its properties, forming deep, cold mixed layers called chimneys The chimneys are maintained close to neutrality, geostrophically adjust, and break up into fragments called cones on a time scale of a few days The cones have a spatial scale of several kilometers See Jones and Marshall (1993)
The way polluted water extends downstream from the pollution source (analogous to smoke from a smoke-stack as it drifts downwind in the atmosphere)
We mention this observation, not with any view of pretending to account for so odd a behaviour, but lest some critic should hereafter plume himself on discovering it.
(Çevre) A body of contaminated groundwater flowing from a specific source. The movement of the groundwater is influenced by such factors as local groundwater flow patterns, the character of the aquifer in which the groundwater is contained, and the density of contaminants. A plume may also be a cloud of smoke or vapor. It defines the area where exposure would be dangerous
Mass of liquid or gas moving through a different medium Most commonly refers to a mass of contaminants or contaminated ground water migrating through the subsurface geologic environment
the concentration profile of an airborne or waterborne release of material as it spreads from its source (Center for Disease Control (CDC), Savannah River Site (SRS) dose reconstruction, 1999)
1 A visible or measurable discharge of a contaminant from a given point of origin Can be visible or thermal in water, or visible in the air as, for example, a plume of smoke
In environmental application, the zone of groundwater considered to be contaminated; both areal and vertical delineation of this zone may be made by defining/accepting a specific threshold concentration of the contaminant of interest
The discharge of a contaminant from a given point of origin into the air or the discharge of polluted or heated water into a body of water from its source to the point where the discharge is no longer identifiable since it has mixed with the ambient air or water
an underground pattern of contaminant concentrations created by the movement of groundwater beneath a contaminant source Contaminants spread mostly laterally in the direction of groundwater movement The spill/source site is the highest concentration, and the concentration decreases away from the source
A portion of a water body which is distinguishable from the remainder because it is not completely mixed and its characteristics are measurably different, generally downstream from the junction of another stream of water from a tributary or waste discharge, the area taken up by contaminants in an aquifer
A plume of smoke, dust, fire, or water is a large quantity of it that rises into the air in a column. The rising plume of black smoke could be seen all over Kabul
(1) A visible or measurable discharge of a contaminant from a given point of origin Can be visible or thermal in water as it extends downstream from the pollution source, or visible in air as, for example, a plume of smoke (2) The area of radiation leaking from a damaged reactor 3 Area downwind within which a release could be dangerous for those exposed to leaking fumes
An area of surface water or ground water that contains chemical constituents in excess of DEP water quality standards, or criteria and which is delineated by DEP, EPA, or the District
a feather or cluster of feathers worn as an ornament form a plume; "The chimneys were pluming the sky"; "The engine was pluming black smoke" deck with a plume; "a plumed helmet
The cloud of steam or smoke that comes from a chimney stack and blows downwind The contaminated portion of groundwater that moves past a source of pollution [S L Brown]
plumes
Turkish pronunciation
plumz
Pronunciation
/ˈplo͞omz/ /ˈpluːmz/
Etymology
[ 'plüm ] (noun.) 14th century. Middle English, from Middle French, from Latin pluma small soft feather; more at FLEECE.