circle

Bazı önemli geometrik şekiller üçgen, kare, dikdörtgen, daire, paralelkenar ve ikizkenar yamuktur. - Some important geometric shapes are the triangle, the square, the rectangle, the circle, the parallelogram and the trapezium.

çevre

Yeni jet, dünyanın çevresini yirmi dört saatte dolaşıyor. - The new jet circles the globe in twenty-four hours.

Bazı çevreler aynı şeyi ısrarla söyleyip duruyorlar. - Certain circles keep saying the same thing insistently.

{f} dönmek

{i} sınıf

{i} devir

daire çember

{f} bir yerin

bu şekildeki herhangi bir cisim

{f} kuşatmak

etki sahası

{i} muhit

{i} dönem

{i} etraf

Ay, Dünya'nın etrafında döner. - The moon circles the earth.

Daire şeklinde ateşin etrafına oturduk. - We sat around the fire in a circle.

gök cisimlerinin kendi etraflarında dönmeleri

{f} çevrelemek

(Tıp) Çember, daire, circulus

daire,v.daire içine al: n.daire

paralel dairesi

gök cisimlerinin yörüngesi

{f} -in etrafını dönmek

{i} çevre, muhit, grup

{i} dönge

{i} etki alanı

great circle büyük

{i} sahneyi çevreleyen koltuklar dizisi

{i} yörünge

{i} ring

{f} çark etmek

çark etm

halka olmak

ortam

Aynı ortamlarda takılıyorlardı. - They moved in the same circles.

çevirmek

etrafını çizmek

etrafına daire çizmek

çemberi

yuvarlak

Tom listeden üç ismi yuvarlak içine aldı. - Tom circled three names on the list.

(Bilgisayar) çember eğri

circle in

(Bilgisayar) küçülen daire

circle out

(Bilgisayar) büyüyen daire

(Dilbilim) dönmek

circle of confusion

bulanıklık dairesi

circle of convergence

yakınsaklık dairesi

circle of curvature

circle of poverty

yoksulluk çemberi

circle round

daire

circle the right word

doğru kelimeyi daire içine alın

circle the wagons

(deyim) Adam toplamak

circle accent

(Bilgisayar) yuvarlak vurgu

circle diagram

devre şeması

circle drawbar

daire dişli çekici demiri

circle marking

daire işaretleme

circle multiply

(Bilgisayar) çevrimli çarpım

circle of equal altitude

(Askeri) EŞİT YÜKSEKLİK DAİRESİ: Bir gök cisminin zenit noktasından (substellar point) eşit mesafedeki bütün noktaların geometrik yeri olan Arz üzerinde bir daire. Bir gök cisminin daire üzerindeki herhangi bir noktadan ölçülecek irtifaı daima aynıdır. Buna "circle of position" da denir

circle of friends

arkadaş çevresi

circle of position

(Askeri) MEVKİİ DAİRESİ: Bak. "circle of equal altitude"

circle of stress

gerilme dairesi

circle plus

(Bilgisayar) çevrimli toplam

circle pour

(Bilgisayar) çember yayarak

(Havacılık) meydan turu

circumscribed circle

Yeni jet, dünyanın çevresini yirmi dört saatte dolaşıyor. - The new jet circles the globe in twenty-four hours.

Bazı çevreler aynı şeyi ısrarla söyleyip duruyorlar. - Certain circles keep saying the same thing insistently.

crop circle

(Tarım) hasat çemberi

crop circle

(Tarım) ekin çemberi

elevation circle

(Askeri) yükseliş kadranı

great circle

(Matematik) büyük çember

hollow circle

(Bilgisayar) boş daire

pitch circle

(Mekanik) bölme dairesi

pitch circle

diş açıklığı dairesi

pitch circle

(Mekanik) dış açıklığı dairesi

polar circle

(Astronomi) kutuplar dairesi

turn in a wide circle

(Askeri) harmanlamak

vicious circle

döngü

Cevap bizi bir döngüye götürür. - The answer leads us to a vicious circle.

Berbat bir döngüye giriyoruz. - We are entering a vicious circle.

vicious circle

(Dilbilim) kapalı döngü

çark dişi taban dairesi

business circle

iş çevresi

come full circle

dönüp dolaşıp aynı yere gelmek

concentric circle

internally tangent circle

segment of a circle

daire parçası

square the circle

olmayacak duaya amin demek

traffic circle

trafik kuşatması

vicious circle

sorunların zorlaşması

(Mühendislik) diş dibi dairesi (dişlide)

base circle

çark dışı taban dairesi

Harita üzerindeki kırmızı daireler okulları gösterir. - Red circles on the map mark schools.

circles

çevreler

Politik çevrelerde para çok önemlidir. - Money counts for much in political circles.

Bazı çevreler aynı şeyi ısrarla söyleyip duruyorlar. - Certain circles keep saying the same thing insistently.

circling

çember

come to full circle

(deyim) dönüp dolaşıp aynı yere gelmek

come to full circle

(deyim) başlangıç noktasına geri gelmek

ideological circle

ideolojik daire

in a circle

bir daire içinde

Öğrenciler bir daire içinde oturdular. - The students sat in a circle.

Üç sırtlan birbirlerini ikna etmeye çalışarak bir daire içinde oturdu. - The three hyenas sat in a circle, reasoning with one another.

in circle

Daire/çember şeklinde, daire/çember şekli oluşturacak biçimde

in circle

(Geometri) Bir geometrik şeklin içine çizilen, çizildiği şeklin kenarlarına değen iç daire, iç çember

limit circle

Limit devir.- Limit devir osilatmörleri

make a circle of friends

(Mühendislik) diş açıklığı dairesi, bölme dairesi (dişlide)

quarter circle

Çeyrek daire, dairenin dörtte biri

semi-circle

yarım daire

square the circle

Düzenli olarak toplanıp belirli bir başlık hakkında tartışmalar yapan topluluk

turning circle diameter

dönüş dairesi çapı

unit circle

(Geometri) Birim çember

vicious circle

kısır döngü

Bu kısır döngüden kurtuluş görülmüyor. - There seems to be no way out of this vicious circle.

Bir kısır döngü haline gelir. - It becomes a vicious circle.

vicious circle

fasit çember

virtuous circle

Hayırlı döngü, hayri artarak devam eden döngü

antarctic circle

güney kutbu dairesi,güney kutup dairesi

azimuth circle

(Askeri) YAN İSTİKAMET DAİRESİ; DRİZE DAİRESİ (DZ. ): İstikamet açılarını ölçmeye mahsus alet. Bu alet: nişan tertibatı, top kundağı, ışıldak vesaire üzerinde bulunan taksimatlı bir dairedir

centre circle

(Spor) santra çizgisi

come full circle

dönüp dolaşıp aynı noktaya gelmek

marker circle

(Askeri) işaret dairesi

(Askeri) SIFIR DAİRESİ: Bir gezegen yerçekim kuvvetinin diğer bir gezegen yerçekim kuvvetiyle denge meydana getirdiği teorik nokta. Gerçekte sıfır noktası, dairesi veya bölgesi diye bir şey yoktur, çünkü güneş sistemi dinamiktir ve bu sisteme bağlı ne varsa birbirine nazaran hareket halindedir

trial circle

test dairesi

İngilizce - İngilizce

circle teriminin İngilizce İngilizce sözlükte anlamı: Orbit; A curve that more or less forms part or all of a circle
move in a circle.; To travel around along a curved path; : A two-dimensional geometric figure, a line, consisting of the set of all those points in a plane that are equally distant from another point
The set of all points (x, y) such that (x-1)^2 + y^2 = r^2 is a circle of radius r around the point (1, 0).; To surround; A two-dimensional geometric figure, a disk, consisting of the set of all those points of a plane at a distance less than or equal to a fixed distance from another point; To place or mark a circle around
Circle the jobs that you are interested in applying for.; A line comprising two semicircles of 30 yards radius centred on the wickets joined by straight lines parallel to the pitch used to enforce field restrictions in a one-day match; To travel in circles
Vultures circled overhead.; A specific group of persons
The Rabbit could not claim to be a model of anything, for he didn’t know that real rabbits existed; he thought they were all stuffed with sawdust like himself, and he understood that sawdust was quite out-of-date and should never be mentioned in modern circles.; Any thin three-dimensional equivalent of the geometric figures
Put on your dunce-cap and sit down on that circle.; {i} ring-shaped geometric figure, round figure; group, society; {n} a round, curve, company, series; {v} to move round, inclose, confine; A plane curve consisting of all points at a given distance (call the radius) from a fixed point in the plane called the center; A circle of objects or people is a group of them arranged in the shape of a circle. The monument consists of a circle of gigantic stones We stood in a circle holding hands. = ring; the area in which the magickal worship and spells takes place Can also be used to designate a particular group of Witches or Pagans such as "Silver Acorn Circle"; a shape that is drawn around a point (center) with every point on the shape the same distance from the center -- " the circle is drawn starting at one point " (244); a curved section or tier of seats in a hall or theater or opera house; usually the first tier above the orchestra; "they had excellent seats in the dress circle"; be around; "Developments surround the town"; "The river encircles the village"; 1 n Sacred space in which a ritual or any kind of magical work is done, either by an individual or by a group Often people stand together in a literal circle to begin a ritual, but during the ritual they may move about in any configuration, and are still said to be "in circle " 2 n A concept fundamental to the thealogy of modern Witchcraft, generally referring to the endless cycle of life, death, and rebirth and to the interconnectedness of everything in the universe Thus, a sacred symbol 3 n Syn coven 4 v To join with others in sacred space; a non-legislative grouping of women within a unit, usually for the purpose of program activity, Bible study, fellowship and personal growth, which meets regularly and supports the purpose of the organization; A company assembled, or conceived to assemble, about a central point of interest, or bound by a common tie; a class or division of society; a coterie; a set; To make or form a circle around; enclose A group of people who hold séances [Also see "Séance" and "Mediumship" ]; street names for flunitrazepan; ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point; "he calculated the circumference of the circle"; center: (0, 0) radius: 3 equation of circle: x2 + y2 = 9 center: (h, k) radius: r equation of circle: (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2; This is a spell Target Spells with a Circle target can affect everything inside a circle drawn by the caster in casting the spell The spell is broken if the line is broken This is often used in spells with Duration of Ring This has the same difficulty as casting on a Structure, but is a different Target (A formulaic spell will have one or other Target; not a choice ); A circular group of persons; a ring; If something circles an object or a place, or circles around it, it forms a circle around it. This is the ring road that circles the city. the long curving driveway that circled around the vast clipped lawn. = encircle; The set of all points in a plane at a given distance from a given point (the center of the circle) in the plane (Lesson 7 1); A plane figure, bounded by a single curve line called its circumference, every part of which is equally distant from a point within it, called the center; To move around; to revolve around; something approximating the shape of a circle; "the chairs were arranged in a circle"; The sacred space in which ritual and magickal workings takes place A circle may also refer to a loosely organized group of Witches or Pagans choosing to work together in a somewhat less formal manner than a coven Clan - Any number of covens who have agreed to follow the same kinds of rules, which spring from one central governing source A clan has a single leader, and within the democratic clan governing system he or she had the power to veto proposals or actions of the group ~ The Teen Witch Kit - Silver RavenWolf Cleansing - The process of removing negative energy from an object or place May be accomplished through replacing negative energy with positive energy, sweeping with a besom, burning sage sticks and other means; any circular or rotating mechanism; "the machine punched out metal circles"; - Is the set of all points in a plane that are at a given (read: equal) distance from a given point in that plane Simbol for a circle is: Its measure is 360o Degrees on a circle are measured along the circumference of that circle; You can refer to a group of people as a circle when they meet each other regularly because they are friends or because they belong to the same profession or share the same interests. He has a small circle of friends Alton has made himself fiercely unpopular in certain circles; A line comprising two semicircles of 30 yds radius centred on the wickets joined by straight lines parallel to the pitch used to enforce field restrictions in a one-day match; A circle of something is a round flat piece or area of it. Cut out 4 circles of pastry. a circle of yellow light. = ring; A circle is a shape consisting of a curved line completely surrounding an area. Every part of the line is the same distance from the centre of the area. The flag was red, with a large white circle in the center I wrote down the number 46 and drew a circle around it. = ring; To encompass, as by a circle; to surround; to inclose; to encircle; A series ending where it begins, and repeating itself; Indirect form of words; circumlocution; A territorial division or district; one member of a family of plane curves called conic sections for which every point on th curve is equidistant from its center; A line which joins up all the points a fixed distance from another fixed point The distance from a circle is called the radius You can make a circle by fixing one end of a piece of string and then keeping the string tight draw the line the end of the string makes as it moves; a curved line with every point equal distance from the center; Compass; circuit; inclosure; a closed plane curve every point of which is equidistant from a fixed point, called the center (the center is not part of the circle); In a theatre or cinema, the circle is an area of seats on the upper floor. see also Arctic Circle, dress circle, inner circle, vicious circle, virtuous circle; A protected area where ritual work takes place [For more information see http: //www spiritonline com/wicca/qa-circle html]; form a circle around; "encircle the errors"; any circular or rotating mechanism; "the machine punched out metal circles" a curved section or tier of seats in a hall or theater or opera house; usually the first tier above the orchestra; "they had excellent seats in the dress circle" ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point; "he calculated the circumference of the circle" something approximating the shape of a circle; "the chairs were arranged in a circle" travel around something; "circle the globe" move in circles; A plane figure in which all the points are the same distance from a point called the center; A round body; a sphere; an orb; movement once around a course; "he drove an extra lap just for insurance"; The line that bounds such a figure; a circumference; a ring; To circle around someone or something, or to circle them, means to move around them. Emily kept circling around her mother The silent wolves would track and circle them; A plane figure contained by one curved line such that all the straight lines falling up it from one point among those lying within the figure are equal And the point is called the center on the circle; The Sacred Space in which the gods and goddesses are invoked, rituals are performed, and in which Magickal works are accomplished The Circle creates a boundary between the mundane and Magickal worlds In creating this boundary, most Western traditions begin in the East, moving deosil around the Circle, calling in guardians, deities, angels, etc , to guard and protect the space Typically, the one forming the Circle uses one of the active tools (i e , wand, staff, Athame or sword ) Various signs and symbols may also be required Casting the Sacred Circle is sometimes known as "Erecting the Temple," though this term can also have more secret and esoteric meanings depending on the tradition being followed; To move circularly; to form a circle; to circulate; If you circle something on a piece of paper, you draw a circle around it. Circle the correct answers on the coupon below. = ring; The smallest circumscribing circle for the element A is drawn around it; If you say that you have come full circle or have turned full circle, you mean that after a long series of events or changes the same situation that you started with still exists. We've come full circle and dark-blue jeans are once again the height of style. Geometrical curve, one of the conic sections, consisting of the set of all points the same distance (the radius) from a given point (the centre). A line connecting any two points on a circle is called a chord, and a chord passing through the centre is called a diameter. The distance around a circle (the circumference) equals the length of a diameter multiplied by (see pi). The area of a circle is the square of the radius multiplied by . An arc consists of any part of a circle encompassed by an angle with its vertex at the centre (central angle). Its length is in the same proportion to the circumference as the central angle is to a full revolution. Antarctic Circle Arctic Circle Cartesian circle Vienna Circle; an unofficial association of people or groups; "the smart set goes there"; "they were an angry lot"; Designation by an underwriter of a potential buyer of an IPO; a road junction at which traffic streams circularly around a central island; "the accident blocked all traffic at the rotary"; An instrument of observation, the graduated limb of which consists of an entire circle; If an aircraft or a bird circles or circles something, it moves round in a circle in the air. The plane circled, awaiting permission to land There were two helicopters circling around. like a hawk circling prey
circle jerk: to participate in a circle jerk
circle jerk: A metaphor for any group activity performed for personal gratification
circle jerk: A group of males masturbating ("jerking off") together (with or without interpersonal contact)
circle jerked: Simple past tense and past participle of circle jerk
circle jerking: Present participle of circle jerk
circle jerks: plural form of circle jerk
circle of friends: A number of close friends who usually do things together as a group
circle sector: Alternative spelling of circular sector
circle segment: A circular arc
circle strafed: Simple past tense and past participle of circle strafe
circle strafes: Third-person singular simple present indicative form of circle strafe
circle strafing: Present participle of circle strafe
circle the drain: To be in rapid decline or a state of downfall, especially as leading to inevitable utter failure or destruction
Needless to say, the guy on the phone would be watching his life circle the drain, imagining the horrific press and the life-destroying damage this false accusation would cause.
circle the wagons: To prepare to defend against an attack
circle the wagons: To draw a wagon train into a circle to allow the wagons to provide cover when under attack
circle-A: Ⓐ; The symbol of anarchism; an A inside a circle. Usually the ends of the A seen extending beyond the circle. The symbol is derived from the slogan "Anarchy is Order" by French anarchist Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
circle-jerk: Alternative spelling of circle jerk
circle-strafe: To move around a target in circular fashion while facing it, in order to avoid counterattacks while attacking at close range
circle the drain: (deyim) Be near failure or death
circle the wagons: (deyim) Gather one's forces to get ready for battle or competition
Hey, Edward. If you can hear me, circle the wagons, You've got a problem.
circle the wagons: Unite in defence of something. [with ref. to the defensive position of a wagon train under attack.]
circle dance: folk dance done by a group in a circle
circle of animosity: cycle of hatred that has lasted many years
circle of curvature: the circle that touches a curve (on the concave side) and whose radius is the radius of curvature
circle of friends: group of pals, social circle, group of friends
circle of hostility: cycle of animosity that has lasted many years
circle of willis: a ring of arteries at the base of the brain
circle round: pass around, pass from one to another; move in a circle around something
circle trip: A journey from point A to point B and back to point A, which is not via the same routing, airline, or class of service in both directions
circle trip: Travel from A to B then back from B to A using different fare basis codes (see also round trip) --OR-- Any trip involving a stopover in addition to the ultimate destination (e g A-->B, B-->C then C-->A using the same or different fare basis codes)
circle trip: A round trip in which the passenger takes different routes to and from his or her destination
Antarctic Circle: The line which marks approximately the northernmost place in the Southern Hemisphere where the sun does not set on the summer solstice and does not rise on the winter solstice
Apollonian circle: two families of circles such that every circle in the first family intersects every circle in the second family orthogonally and vice versa
Arctic Circle: The line which marks approximately the southernmost place in the Northern Hemisphere where the sun does not set on the summer solstice and does not rise on the winter solstice
Cartesian circle: A supposed error in reasoning attributed to René Descartes. A form of circular argument
arctic circle: The parallel of latitude that runs 66° 33′ 39″ north of the Equator. The region north of this circle is known as the Arctic
azimuth circle: Instrument for measuring azimuths. It is a graduated circle on a sight, gun carriage, searchlight, etc
babysitting circle: A group of families who share the task of babysitting on a rotational, or other equalising basis
Our babysitting circle uses tokens to keep things fair.
blue circle rate: a pay that is below average for the same type of work
came full circle: Simple past of come full circle
centre circle: The circle in the centre of the pitch which, at kick-off, the defending team may not enter until the attacking side has touched the ball
circles: A bagginess of the skin below the eyes from lack of sleep
After working all night, she had circles under her eyes.
circles: plural form of circle
circles: Third-person singular simple present indicative form of circle
circling: A circular motion
come full circle: To make a complete change or reform
come full circle: To complete a cycle of transition, returning to where one started after gaining experience or exploring other things
comes full circle: Third-person singular simple present indicative form of come full circle
coming full circle: Present participle of come full circle
crop circle: An area in a field of crops where the stalks have been flattened into a circle or other geometric shape
datum circle: The circle in which a measurement is taken. Generally used when measuring the tooth of a gear
fairy circle: A ring of fungi marking the periphery of the perennial underground growth of the mycelium
full circle: A full turn back to the original direction or orientation
full circle: An angle of 360 degrees
great circle: A segment of such circle representing the shortest distance between two points on the surface of a sphere
Because the Earth's surface is curved, the shortest distance is actually a curve over the surface called a great circle.
great circle: A circle defined as the intersection of the surface of a sphere and a plane which passes through the centre of the sphere
great circle route: A route, taken by intercontinental aircraft for instance, which is the shortest distance between two destinations on the surface of the Earth; an arc of a great circle
great circle routes: plural form of great circle route
hermeneutic circle: A framework for the interpretation of a text which considers historical, linguistic, cultural, environmental, and individualistic contexts
inner circle: The closest of friends of a person
magic circle: An arrangement of natural numbers on circles such that the sum of the numbers on each circle and the sum of numbers on diameter are identical
magic circle: A circle marked by a practioner of magic, used as magical protection or to form a magical area
nine points circle: Alternative spelling of nine-point circle
nine-point circle: That circle which passes through the feet of the altitudes of a given triangle
oblique circle: a circle whose plane is oblique to the axis of the primitive plane
on deck circle: The circle drawn or painted on the field where the next batter to hit waits
Jones warms up in the on deck circle.
osculating circle: The circle that has the same tangent, and the same curvature at the point on the curve
parhelic circle: A luminous halo, each side of the sun parallel to the horizon, caused by refraction of sunlight through ice crystals
quadrature of the circle: The problem, proposed by ancient Greek geometers, of using a finite ruler-and-compass construction to make a square with the same area as a given circle
quality circle: a group of employees which meets regularly to resolve problems and improve working methods; part of the kaizen system
red circle rate: a pay that is above average for the same type of work
shooting circle: One of two semicircles in the goal thirds, radius 4.9 metres, in which the goal shooter and goal attack can shoot
small circle: a circle formed by a plane that cuts a sphere not through its centre
square circle: a cancellation mark consisting of an outer ring of concentric circles, cropped into a square shape
squaring the circle: The historical problem of how to construct, using compass and ruler, a square having the same area as a given circle
squaring the circle: A hopeless or impossible task
study circle: A club or informal group of people sharing knowledge of a specific subject
traffic circle: an intersection with a circular shape and, usually, a central island
turning circle: the circular path formed by the wheel furthest from the centre of the turn when turning to the maximum extent
turning circle: The path followed by a vessel’s center of gravity when it makes a complete turn of 360° with a consistent rudder angle. (FM 55-501)
unit circle: A circle of radius 1
unit circle: The circle of radius 1 with centre at the origin, used in defining trigonometric functions
vicious circle: A fallacy in which the premise is used to prove a conclusion which is then used to prove the premise
vicious circle: A situation in which the solution to one problem creates a chain of problems, each making it more difficult to solve the original one
virtuous circle: A situation in which the solution to one problem makes each future problem easier to solve the original one
in a circle: round and round
circled: {a} surrounded, formed like a circle, round
circling: {a} circular, roundish
come to full circle: (deyim) to return to the same situation or attitude you originally had
in-circle: (Geometri) A circle inscribed in a figure so as to touch its sides
inscribed circle: In geometry, the incircle or inscribed circle of a triangle is the largest circle contained in the triangle; it touches (is tangent to) the three sides. The center of the incircle is called the triangle's incenter
study circle: Study group, a group meeting regularly to discuss a particular topic of study
study circle: (also study group) A group meeting regularly to discuss a particular topic of study
unit circle: (Geometri) A circle having a radius of 1
virtuous circle: A recurring cycle of events, the result of each one being to increase the beneficial effect of the next
A circle: rundel
Antarctic Circle: {i} southern latitude line below which the sun only rises and sets one time per year
Arctic Circle: southern boundary of the North Frigid Zone which is situates south of the North Pole
antarctic circle: a line of latitude north of the south pole
arctic circle: a line of latitude near but south of the north pole; it marks the northernmost point at which the sun is visible on the northern winter solstice and the southernmost point at which the midnight sun can be seen on the northern summer solstice
azimuth circle: tool for measuring azimuths that comprises of a graduated ring having a sighting vane on each side that fits over a compass in a concentric manner
circled: past of circle
circled: Having the form of a circle; round
circler: {i} someone or something which circles
circler: A mean or inferior poet, perhaps from his habit of wandering around as a stroller; an itinerant poet
circler: Also, a name given to the cyclic poets
circler: See under Cyclic, a
circles: plural of circle
circles: center, diameter, radius chord sector tangent line semi-circle arc, major & minor
circles: Concentric rings on the surface of a pearl If circles cover over 1/3 of the pearl's surface, it may be referred to as a circle pearl
circles: third person singular of "to circle"
circles: n The usual western name for one of the three suits in Mah Jong Same as Coins, Plates, Disks, Moons
circling: present participle of circle
family circle: members of a family
inner circle: An inner circle is a small group of people within a larger group who have a lot of power, influence, or special information. Mr Blair's inner circle of advisers
vicious circle: an argument that assumes that which is to be proved
vicious circle: an argument that assumes that which is to be proved one trouble leads to another that aggravates the first